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Medical condition
Pseudoaneurysm
Other names
False aneurysm
Pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle, four-chamber echocardiography view
Specialty
Cardiology
A pseudoaneurysm, also known as a false aneurysm, is a locally contained hematoma outside an artery or the heart due to damage to the vessel wall.[1] The injury passes through all three layers of the arterial wall, causing a leak, which is contained by a new, weak "wall" formed by the products of the clotting cascade.[1] A pseudoaneurysm does not contain any layer of the vessel wall.[1]
This differentiates it from a true aneurysm, which is contained by all three layers of the vessel wall, and a dissecting aneurysm, which has a breach in the innermost layer of an artery and subsequent dissection/separation of the tunica intima from the tunica media.
A pseudoaneurysm, being associated with a vessel, can be pulsatile; it may be confused with a true aneurysm or dissecting aneurysm.
The most common presentation of pseudoaneurysm is femoral artery pseudoaneurysm following access for an endovascular procedure,[1] and this event may complicate up to 8% of vascular interventional procedures. Small pseudoaneurysms are capable of spontaneous clotting, while others require surgical intervention.
A pseudoaneurysm may also occur in a chamber of the heart following myocardial damage due to ischemia or trauma. A pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle is a potentially lethal complication of a heart attack.
^ abcdRivera, Philip A.; Dattilo, Jeffery B. (2022), "Pseudoaneurysm", StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID 31194401, retrieved 2022-04-14
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