1,710 km2 (659 sq mi) (Bulawayo) - 28,967 sq mi (75,025 km2) (Matabeleland North)
Government
Provincial government, National government
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Emmerson Mnangagwa
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Constantino Chiwenga
Kembo Mohadi
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Provinces are constituent political entities of Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe currently has ten provinces, two of which are cities with provincial status. Zimbabwe is a unitary state, and its provinces exercise only the powers that the central government chooses to delegate. Provinces are divided into districts, which are divided into wards.
The Constitution of Zimbabwe delineates provincial governance and powers. After constitutional amendments in 1988, provinces were administered by a governor directly appointed by the President of Zimbabwe.[1] Since the 2013 constitutional changes, there are technically no longer provincial governors, though in practice they remain in place as Ministers of State for Provincial Affairs. The 2013 Constitution also calls for the devolution of governmental powers and responsibilities where appropriate, though Zimbabwean opposition parties argue that the central government has yet to comply.[2]
With the establishment of Company rule in Rhodesia in the 1890s, the country was divided into two provinces: Matabeleland in the west and Mashonaland in the east. Under British colonial rule as Southern Rhodesia, the colony was divided into five provinces. Later, the Rhodesian government expanded the number of provinces to seven: Manicaland, Matabeleland North and South, Mashonaland North and South, Midlands, and Victoria (today Masvingo).[3] In the 1980s, Mashonaland North and South were reorganized to become three provinces (Mashonaland Central, East and West). The youngest provinces, Bulawayo and Harare, were created in 1997.
Name
Towns and cities
Established
Population (2022)[4]
Total area[5]
Location
Capital
Largest
km2
mi2
Bulawayo
Bulawayo
1997
665,952
900
347
Harare
Harare
1997
2,427,231
872
337
Manicaland
Mutare
1897[6]
2,037,703
36,459
14,077
Mashonaland Central
Bindura
1983
1,384,891
28,347
10,945
Mashonaland East
Marondera
?
1,731,173
32,230
12,440
Mashonaland West
Chinhoyi
Kadoma
1983
1,893,584
57,441
22,178
Masvingo
Masvingo
?
1,638,528
56,566
21,840
Matabeleland North
Lupane
Victoria Falls
1973
827,645
75,025
28,967
Matabeleland South
Gwanda
Beitbridge
1973
760,345
54,172
20,916
Midlands
Gweru
?
1,811,905
49,166
18,983
^Bridger, Peter Anthony (1973). Encyclopaedia Rhodesia. College Press.
^Kandemiiri, Jonga (1 March 2016). "MDC-T Urges Zimbabwe to Devolve Power to Provinces". VOA. Retrieved 25 July 2018.
^Passmore, Gloria C. (1972). The National Policy of Community Development in Rhodesia. Department of Political Science, University of Rhodesia. p. 163.
^"Zimbabwe: Provinces, Major Cities & Urban Localities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
^Zimbabwe at GeoHive
^"Reports of International Arbitral Awards, Volume XXVIII" (PDF). United Nations.
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