The holotype skull of Proterochampsa nodosa (MCP 1694) in dorsal view
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Reptilia
Clade:
Archosauromorpha
Clade:
Archosauriformes
Clade:
†Proterochampsia
Family:
†Proterochampsidae
Genus:
†Proterochampsa Reig 1959
Species
†P. barrionuevoiReig 1959 (type)
†P. nodosaBarberena 1982
Synonyms
†Barberenachampsa nodosaBarberena 1982
Proterochampsa is an extinct genus of proterochampsid archosauriform from the Late Triassic (Carnian-Norian boundary) of South America. The genus is the namesake of the family Proterochampsidae, and the broader clade Proterochampsia. Like other proterochampsids, Proterochampsa are quadruped tetrapods superficially similar in appearance to modern crocodiles, although the two groups are not closely related.[1] Proterochampsids can be distinguished from other related archosauriformes by characters such as a dorsoventrally flattened, triangular skull with a long, narrow snout at the anterior end and that expands transversally at the posterior end, asymmetric feet, and a lack of postfrontal bones in the skull, with the nares located near the midline.[2]Proterochampsa is additionally defined by characters of dermal sculpturing consisting of nodular protuberances on the skull, antorbital fenestrae facing dorsally, and a restricted antorbital fossa on the maxilla.[3] The genus comprises two known species: Proterochampsa barrionuevoi and Proterochampsa nodosa. P. barrionuevoi specimens have been discovered in the Ischigualasto Formation in northwestern Argentina,[3] while P. nodosa specimens have been found in the Santa Maria supersequence in southeastern Brazil.[4] The two species are distinct in several characters, including that P. nodosa has larger, more well-developed nodular protuberances,[1] a more gradually narrowing snout, and a higher occiput than P. barrionuevoi.[2][1] Of the two, P. nodosa is thought to have less derived features than P. barrionuevoi.[5]
^ abcDe Simão-Oliviera, Daniel; Pinheiro, Felipe Lima; De Andrade, Marco Brandalise; Pretto, Flávio Augusto (2022). "Redescription, taxonomic revaluation and phylogenetic affinities of Proterochampsa nodosa (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) from the early Late Triassic of the Candelaria Sequence (Santa Maria Supersequence)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 196 (4): 1310–1332. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac048.
^ abTrotteyn, M. Jimena (2011). "Material Postcraneano de Proterochampsa barrionuevoi Reig 1959 (Diapsida: Archosauriformes) del Triásico Superior del Centro-oeste de Argentina". Ameghiniana. 48 (4): 424–446. doi:10.5710/AMGH.v48i4(351). hdl:11336/197236. S2CID 130001247.
^ abDesojo, Julia B.; Fiorelli, Lucas E.; Ezcurra, Martín D.; Martinelli, Agustín G.; Ramezani, Jahandar; Da Rosa, Átila A. S.; von Baczko, M. Belén; Trotteyn, M. Jimena; Montefeltro, Felipe C.; Ezpeleta, Miguel; Langer, Max C. (29 July 2020). "The Late Triassic Ischigualasto Formation at Cerro Las Lajas (La Rioja, Argentina): fossil tetrapods, high-resolution chronostratigraphy, and faunal correlations". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 12782. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67854-1. PMC 7391656. PMID 32728077.
^Langer, Max C.; Ribiero, Ana M.; Schultz, Cesar L.; Ferigolo, Jorge (2007). Lucas, S. G.; Spielmann, J. A. (eds.). "The Continental Tetrapod-Bearing Triassic of South Brazil". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 41: 201–218.
^Kischlat, E.; Schultz, C. L. (1999). "Phylogenetic Analysis of Proterochampsia (Thecodontia: Archosauriformes)". Ameghiniana. 36 (4): 13R.
Proterochampsa is an extinct genus of proterochampsid archosauriform from the Late Triassic (Carnian-Norian boundary) of South America. The genus is the...
reptiles from the Triassic period. It includes the Proterochampsidae (e.g. Proterochampsa, Chanaresuchus and Tropidosuchus) and probably also the Doswelliidae...
reigi, Rhadinosuchus gracilis, Tropidosuchus romeri, Proterochampsa barrionuevoi, and Proterochampsa nodosa. P. nodosa was assigned to its own genus Barberenachampsa...
Formation. A study on jaw mechanics of Proterochampsa nodosa de Simão-Oliveira et al. (2024), who report that Proterochampsa was able to perform bite forces...
persist through both biozones, namely Aetosauroides, Saurosuchus, and Proterochampsa. The third and final biozone is the Jachaleria biozone in the Quebrada...
Saurosuchus, Sillosuchus and Aetosauroides), proterochampsids (e.g., Proterochampsa) and temnospondyls (Pelorocephalus). Alcober, Oscar A.; Martinez, Ricardo...
archosauromorphs more closely related to Doswellia kaltenbachi than to Proterochampsa barrionuevoi, Erythrosuchus africanus, Caiman latirostris, (the broad-snouted...
Stenoscelida would have been smaller than the related Pseudochampsa and Proterochampsa from Argentina. In their phylogenetic analyses, Müller, Garcia & Fonseca...
Chanaresuchus and Gualosuchus, while it is certainly different from Proterochampsa and Barberenachampsa. The small size indicates it is a young animal...
Sequence, Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone A proterochampsid archosauriform Proterochampsa P. nodosa Candelária Upper Santa Maria Formation, Alemoa Member, Candelária...
of the skull, which resembles the non-related, basal archosauriform Proterochampsa. Below is a cladogram from Pol and Powell (2011) showing the placement...
proterochampsids to the exclusion of R. gracilis, in which it is unknown, and Proterochampsa barrionuevoi. Finally, at least one other proterochampsid apart from...
the bony ridges of Acallosuchus and the skulls of the archosauriforms Proterochampsa and Doswellia. A 2005 study also pointed out similarities with the archosaur...
00026.x. The Paleobiology Database Walker, A. D. (1968). "Protosuchus, Proterochampsa, and the origin of phytosaurs and crocodiles". Geological Magazine....
doswelliid. Redescription and a study on the phylogenetic affinities of Proterochampsa nodosa is published by De Simão-Oliveira et al. (2022). Fabbri & Bhullar...
Abstracts with Programs. 34 (1): 61. Walker, Alick D. (1968). "Protosuchus, Proterochampsa, and the origin of phytosaurs and crocodiles". Geological Magazine....
front edge of the frontals, creating a wedge-shaped suture also seen in Proterochampsa. The prefrontal and lacrimal form the front edge of the orbit (eye socket)...
1–93. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.5426. Walker, A. D. (1968). "Protosuchus, Proterochampsa, and the origin of phytosaurs and crocodiles". Geological Magazine....
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