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Proprotein convertase information


Proprotein convertases (PPCs) are a family of proteins that activate other proteins. Many proteins are inactive when they are first synthesized, because they contain chains of amino acids that block their activity. Proprotein convertases remove those chains and activate the protein. The prototypical proprotein convertase is furin.[1] Proprotein convertases have medical significance, because they are involved in many important biological processes, such as cholesterol synthesis.[2] Compounds called proprotein convertase inhibitors can block their action, and block the target proteins from becoming active. Many proprotein convertases, especially furin and PACE4, are involved in pathological processes such as viral infection, inflammation, hypercholesterolemia, and cancer, and have been postulated as therapeutic targets for some of these diseases.[3]

  1. ^ Andrew W. Artenstein; Steven M. Opal (December 29, 2011). "Proprotein Convertases in Health and Disease". N Engl J Med. 365 (26): 2507–2518. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1106700. PMID 22204726.
  2. ^ New Drugs for Lipids Set Off Race, By ANDREW POLLACK, New York Times, November 5, 2012
  3. ^ The Role of Proprotein Convertases in Animal Models of Skin Carcinogenesis, by Daniel Bassi, Morgan & Claypool Publishers, 2012, DOI: doi:10.4199/C00060ED1V01Y201206PAC001

and 27 Related for: Proprotein convertase information

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Proprotein convertase

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activity. Proprotein convertases remove those chains and activate the protein. The prototypical proprotein convertase is furin. Proprotein convertases have...

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PCSK9

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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is an enzyme encoded by the PCSK9 gene in humans on chromosome 1. It is the 9th member of the proprotein...

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Proprotein convertase 1

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Proprotein convertase 1, also known as prohormone convertase, prohormone convertase 3, or neuroendocrine convertase 1 and often abbreviated as PC1/3 is...

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Proprotein convertase 2

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Proprotein convertase 2 (PC2) also known as prohormone convertase 2 or neuroendocrine convertase 2 (NEC2) is a serine protease and proprotein convertase...

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Furin

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that belongs to the subtilisin-like proprotein convertase family. The members of this family are proprotein convertases that process latent precursor proteins...

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Inclisiran

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a small interfering RNA (siRNA) that acts as an inhibitor of a proprotein convertase, specifically, inhibiting translation of the protein PCSK9. Inclisiran...

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Evolocumab

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Evolocumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). PCSK9 is a protein that targets...

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Glucagon

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160-amino acid protein proglucagon. Proglucagon is then cleaved by proprotein convertase 2 to glucagon (amino acids 33-61) in pancreatic islet α cells. In...

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Carboxypeptidase E

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cleave the peptide precursors, which are small proteins. First, proprotein convertases cut the precursor at specific sites to generate intermediates containing...

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Dyslipidemia

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that target an important protein in the degradation of LDL called proprotein convertase substilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). These agents reduce LDL-C, increase...

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Amylin

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by the enzyme proprotein convertase 2 (PC2) while 16 are removed from the C-terminus of the proIAPP molecule by proprotein convertase 1/3 (PC1/3). At...

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Oocyte

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Christian JL, Heasman J (February 2005). "XPACE4 is a localized pro-protein convertase required for mesoderm induction and the cleavage of specific TGFbeta proteins...

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PCSK4

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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PCSK4 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000115257 –...

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Insulin

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vesicles. In the granule, proinsulin is cleaved by proprotein convertase 1/3 and proprotein convertase 2, removing the middle part of the protein, called...

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PCSK6

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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 is an protease that in humans is encoded by the PCSK6 gene which is located in chromosome 15. Pcsk6 is a...

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Proinsulin

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preproinsulin signal peptide signal peptide peptidase proprotein convertase 1 (PC1) proprotein convertase 2 (PC2) "Entrez Gene: INS insulin". Bell GI, Pictet...

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Familial hypercholesterolemia

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determines the severity of the hypercholesterolemia. Mutations in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene were linked to autosomal dominant...

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Dynorphin

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prodynorphin. When prodynorphin is cleaved during processing by proprotein convertase 2 (PC2), multiple active peptides are released: dynorphin A, dynorphin...

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Alirocumab

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Alirocumab Monoclonal antibody Type Whole antibody Source Human Target Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) Clinical data Trade names Praluent...

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PCSK7

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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PCSK7 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the...

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Sparassis

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of Sparassis crispa (Wulf.) and Their Inhibitory Activities on Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 mRNA Expression". J. Agric. Food Chem. 65...

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PCSK5

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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PCSK5 gene, found in chromosome 9q21.3 Two alternatively spliced...

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PPC

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the integration of sensory information from multiple modalities Proprotein convertase, an enzyme family 6mm PPC (Palmisano & Pindel Cartridge), a family...

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Prorenin

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placenta and womb, and from the ovaries. Proprotein convertase 1 converts prorenin into renin, but proprotein convertase 2 does not. There is no evidence that...

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SCG5

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neuroendocrine tissues. It functions as a chaperone protein for the proprotein convertase PC2 by blocking the aggregation of this protein, and is required...

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Hypercholesterolemia

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V, Gurbel PA, Tantry U, Lin Y, et al. (July 2015). "Effects of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Antibodies in Adults With Hypercholesterolemia:...

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David Julius

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where he identified Kex2 as the founding member of furin-like proprotein convertases. In 1989, he completed his post-doctoral training with Richard Axel...

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