American law regarding the disclosure of personal information held by the US government
Privacy Act of 1974
Long title
An Act to amend title 5, United States Code, by adding a section 552a, to safeguard individual privacy from the misuse of Federal records, to provide that individuals be granted access to records concerning them which are maintained by Federal agencies, to establish a Privacy Protection Study Commission, and for other purposes.
Enacted by
the 93rd United States Congress
Effective
December 31, 1974
Citations
Public law
93-579
Statutes at Large
88 Stat. 1896
Codification
Acts amended
Administrative Procedure Act Freedom of Information Act
Titles amended
5 U.S.C.: Government Organization and Employees
U.S.C. sections created
5 U.S.C. ch. 5 § 552a
Legislative history
Introduced in the Senate as S. 3418 by Samuel Ervin Jr. (D–NC) on May 1, 1974
Committee consideration by Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
Passed the Senate on November 21, 1974 (74–9)
Passed the House on December 11, 1974 (passed, provisions of H.R. 16373) with amendment
Senate agreed to House amendment on December 17, 1974 (77–8) with further amendment
House agreed to Senate amendment on December 18, 1974 (agreed)
Signed into law by President Gerald Ford on December 31, 1974
United States Supreme Court cases
Federal Aviation Administration v. Cooper, 566 U.S. 284 (2012)
The Privacy Act of 1974 (Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 93–579, 88 Stat. 1896, enacted December 31, 1974, 5 U.S.C. § 552a), a United States federal law, establishes a Code of Fair Information Practice that governs the collection, maintenance, use, and dissemination of personally identifiable information about individuals that is maintained in systems of records by federal agencies. A system of records is a group of records under the control of an agency from which information is retrieved by the name of the individual or by some identifier assigned to the individual. The Privacy Act requires that agencies give the public notice of their systems of records by publication in the Federal Register. The Privacy Act prohibits the disclosure of information from a system of records absent of the written consent of the subject individual, unless the disclosure is pursuant to one of twelve statutory exceptions. The Act also provides individuals with a means by which to seek access to and amendment of their records and sets forth various agency record-keeping requirements. Additionally, with people granted the right to review what was documented with their name, they are also able to find out if the "records have been disclosed" and are also given the right to make corrections.[1]
^"Privacy Act of 1974, 5 U.S.C. § 552a".
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