Global InformationPortuguese Communist Party information
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Portuguese Communist Party Partido Comunista Português | |
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| Abbreviation | PCP |
| General Secretary | Paulo Raimundo |
| Founded | 6 March 1921 |
| Legalized | 26 December 1974[1] |
| Preceded by | Portuguese Maximalist Federation |
| Headquarters | Rua Soeiro Pereira Gomes 3, 1600-019 Lisboa |
| Newspaper |
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| Youth wing | Portuguese Communist Youth |
| Membership (2021) |  49,960[2][needs update] |
| Ideology |
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| Political position | Left-wing to far-left |
| National affiliation | Unitary Democratic Coalition |
| International affiliation | IMCWP |
| European Parliament group | The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL[7] |
| Colours | Red |
| Slogan | "For Freedom, Democracy, and Socialism. The Future has a Party!"[8] |
| Anthem | "The Internationale"[9][10] |
| Assembly of the Republic | 4 / 230
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| European Parliament | 2 / 21
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| Regional Parliaments | 1 / 104
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| Local government (Mayors) | 18 / 308
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| Local government (Parishes) | 112 / 3,066
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| Party flag | |
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| Website | |
| www.pcp.pt | |
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The Portuguese Communist Party (Portuguese: Partido Comunista Português, pronounced [pɐɾˈtiðu kumuˈniʃtɐ puɾtuˈɣeʃ], PCP) is a communist,[11] Marxist–Leninist[11][12] political party in Portugal based upon democratic centralism. The party also considers itself patriotic and internationalist,[13] and it is characterized as being between the left-wing[14] and far-left on the political spectrum.[15]
The party was founded in 1921, establishing contacts with the Comintern in 1922 and becoming its Portuguese section in 1923.[16][17] The PCP was banned after the 1926 military coup and subsequently played a major role in the opposition against the dictatorial regime of António de Oliveira Salazar. During the nearly five-decade-long dictatorship, the PCP was constantly suppressed by the secret police, which forced the party's members to live in clandestine status under the threat of arrest, torture, and murder. After the Carnation Revolution in 1974, which overthrew the regime, the 36 members of party's Central Committee had, in the aggregate, experienced more than 300 years in jail.[18]
After the end of the dictatorship, the party became a major political force in the new democratic government. One of its goals, according to the party is to maintain its "vanguard role in the service of the class interests of the workers".[19][20] Currently, the PCP is the joint sixth largest in the Portuguese Assembly of the Republic, where it holds 4 of the 230 assembly seats.[21]
The party publishes the weekly Avante!, founded in 1931. Its youth organization is the Portuguese Communist Youth, a member of the World Federation of Democratic Youth.
- ^ "Partidos registados e suas denominações, siglas e símbolos" Tribunal Constitucional. (in Portuguese)
- ^ "PCP tem menos 4320 militantes do que em 2016". PÚBLICO. 24 September 2020.
- ^ Patricio, Maria Teresa (1990). "Orthodoxy and dissent in the Portuguese Communist Party". Journal of Communist Studies. 6 (4): 204–208. doi:10.1080/13523279008415064.
- ^ Quintas da Silva, Rodrigo (2018). "A Portuguese exception to right-wing populism". Humanities and Social Sciences Communications. 4. doi:10.1057/s41599-017-0062-8. S2CID 257096043.
- ^ Godinho, Luísa (2019). "The local construction of Euroscepticism: a downsian approach to the positioning of the Portuguese Communist Party vis-à-vis the European project". Centro de Estudos Internacionais (CEI-ISCTE).
- ^ Santos Botelho, Catarina (2019). "European Elections: The Silence of the Lambs and the Dangerous Political Resignation – The Portuguese Perspective". Brexit Institute (Dublin City University).
- ^ "Partido Comunista Português - GUE/NGL - Another Europe is possible". GUE/NGL. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
- ^ "Comício do 99.º aniversário do PCP". 6 March 2020. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020.
- ^ "PCP - Programa e Estatutos" (PDF). Partido Comunista Portugues. Edições Avante. p. 115. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
- ^ Partido Comunista Português. "Portuguese Communist Party: Programme and Constitution" (PDF). PCP. edições avante. p. 58. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
- ^ a b Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Portugal". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
- ^ Freire, André (2006). "The Party System of Portugal". Die Parteiensysteme Westeuropas. VS Verlag: 376.
- ^ Portuguese Communist Party (2005). Program and Statutes of the Portuguese Communist Party. Edições Avante!. ISBN 972-550-307-4
- ^ "Portugal's Socialists lead election poll, but would not win majority". Reuters. 31 July 2019.
When the Socialists came to power in 2015, they won the parliamentary support of two left wing parties, the Left Bloc and the Communists.
- ^ "Portugal president asks Socialist Costa to form government". Reuters. 8 October 2019.
- ^ Madeira 2011, p. 48.
- ^ Madeira 2011, pp. 51–52.
- ^ Cunhal, Álvaro (1997). O caminho para o derrubamento do fascismo. Edições Avante!. ISBN 972-550-262-0
- ^ Working-class party and all workers: the role of the PCP in strengthening the organization, unity and struggle of the workers at pcp.pt. https://web.archive.org/web/20201028205209/http://www.pcp.pt/partit-of-the-class-operate-of-all-workers--paper-of-the-pcp-no-reforco-organization-unity Filed] in Wayback Machine
- ^ "Ficará para história a reposição de direitos que se julgavam perdidos" in Notícias ao Minuto. Archived in Wayback Machine
- ^ "Results of the 2022 elections". Ministério da Administração Interna. 9 February 2022.