The cohort Polyneoptera is one of the major groups of winged insects, comprising the Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, etc.) and all other neopteran insects believed to be more closely related to Orthoptera than to any other insect orders. They were formerly grouped together with the Palaeoptera and Paraneoptera as the Hemimetabola or Exopterygota on the grounds that they have no metamorphosis, the wings gradually developing externally throughout the nymphal stages.[2] Many members of the group have leathery forewings (tegmina) and hindwings with an enlarged anal field (vannus).
^Martynov, A. V. (1923). "О двух основных типах крыльев насекомых и их значении для общей классификаци насекомых" [On the two main types of insect wings and their significance for the general classification of insects]. Proceedings of the I All-Russian Congress of Zoologists, Anatomists and Histologists in Petrograd on 15–21 December 1922: 88–89.
^Entomology Endopterygota. Royal Entomological Society. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
The cohort Polyneoptera is one of the major groups of winged insects, comprising the Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, etc.) and all other neopteran...
Mecoptera order Trichoptera order Lepidoptera order Hymenoptera subdivision Polyneoptera superorder Orthopteroidea (Anartioptera) order Orthoptera order Plecoptera...
cladogram, using the molecular phylogeny of Wipfler et al. 2019 for the Polyneoptera, Johnson et al 2018 for the Paraneoptera (where Psocomorpha contains...
latter to the Middle Jurassic. Dermaptera belongs to the major grouping Polyneoptera, and are amongst the earliest diverging members of the group, alongside...
during the Permian Period were early representatives of Paleoptera, Polyneoptera, and Paraneoptera. Palaeodictyopteroidea, which had represented the dominant...
internal phylogeny is based on the works of Wipfler et al. 2019 for the Polyneoptera, Johnson et al. 2018 for the Paraneoptera, and Kjer et al. 2016 for the...
Phasmatodea (stick insects). The position of the Embioptera within the Polyneoptera suggested by a phylogenetic analysis carried out in 2012 by Miller et...
Zoraptera and Dermaptera together form the sister group of the remaining Polyneoptera: The Zoraptera are currently divided into two families, four subfamilies...
197–204. doi:10.1111/syen.12052. David Grimaldi, Michael S. Engel (2005). "Polyneoptera: Grylloblattodea: The Ice Crawlers". Evolution of the Insects. New York...
Notoptera, also known as Xenonomia is a clade of insects belonging to Polyneoptera. It contains two living groups, Mantophasmatidae (gladiators) native...
have been included in the order Orthoptera and now may be placed in the Polyneoptera. When Carl Linnaeus started applying binomial names to animals in the...
recognise at least Polyneoptera and sometimes Paraneoptera (e.g. ), with the Paraneoptera more closely related to Holometabola than Polyneoptera.. Please help...
recognise at least Polyneoptera and sometimes Paraneoptera (e.g. ), with the Paraneoptera more closely related to Holometabola than Polyneoptera.. Please help...
notes on the system and evolution of the order Titanoptera (Insecta: Polyneoptera)". Paleontological Journal. 41 (6): 621–625. doi:10.1134/S0031030107060056...
Polyorthoptera is an outdated(?) magnorder of insects within the cohort polyneoptera that includes Dermaptera Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Phasmatodea...
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