Polymers stabilize soils through interactions with soil particles. Above is a schematic representing different configurations which polymer molecules (such as alkylammonium cations) can adopt when adsorbed between clay layers, in response to the magnitude of charge density on the clay surface. Greater charge densities here result in righter packing and greater clay- clay distances.
Polymer soil stabilization refers to the addition of polymers to improve the physical properties of soils, most often for geotechnical engineering, construction, or agricultural projects.[1] Even at very small concentrations within soils, various polymers have been shown to increase water retention and reduce erosion, increase soil shear strength, and support soil structure.[2] A wide range of polymers have been used to address problems ranging from the prevention of desertification to the reinforcement of roadbeds.[3][1][4]
Polymers that have been tested for soil stabilization effects include a range of synthetic polymers and biopolymers.[1][5] Biopolymers in particular offer a more eco-friendly alternative to traditional chemical additives, such as ordinary cement, which may generate a large amount of carbon dioxide during production or cause lasting environmental damage.[1][6]
Polymers mainly affect the aggregation and strength of soils through their interactions with fine clay particles. Coatings of adsorbed polymers on clays can increase their steric stabilization by preventing clay particles from approaching each other as closely. Alternatively, polymer molecules that bond with multiple clay particles promote flocculation.[2] Hydrogel networks can result in more indirect strengthening within soils by creating a scaffolding for soil particles. Additional strength can be imparted to polymer networks within soils through chemical cross-linking and curing.[1][5]
^ abcdeChang, Ilhan; Im, Jooyoung; Cho, Gye-Chun (2016-03-10). "Introduction of Microbial Biopolymers in Soil Treatment for Future Environmentally-Friendly and Sustainable Geotechnical Engineering". Sustainability. 8 (3): 251. doi:10.3390/su8030251.
^ abLuckham, Paul F; Rossi, Sylvia (1999-10-01). "The colloidal and rheological properties of bentonite suspensions". Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. 82 (1–3): 43–92. doi:10.1016/S0001-8686(99)00005-6.
^Cite error: The named reference :4 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abLatifi, Nima; Rashid, Ahmad Safuan A.; Siddiqua, Sumi; Majid, Muhd. Zaimi Abd (2016-09-01). "Strength measurement and textural characteristics of tropical residual soil stabilised with liquid polymer". Measurement. 91: 46–54. Bibcode:2016Meas...91...46L. doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2016.05.029.
^Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid (2002-02-01). "The macromolecular organic composition of plant and microbial residues as inputs to soil organic matter". Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 34 (2): 139–162. doi:10.1016/S0038-0717(01)00158-4.
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