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Politics of the Czech Republic
Coat of Arms of the Czech Republic
Polity type
Unitary parliamentary republic
Constitution
Constitution of the Czech Republic
Formation
1 January 1993
Legislative branch
Name
Parliament of the Czech Republic
Type
Bicameral
Meeting place
Wallenstein Palace
Thun Palace
Upper house
Name
Senate
Presiding officer
Miloš Vystrčil, President of the Senate
Lower house
Name
Chamber of Deputies
Presiding officer
Markéta Pekarová Adamová, President of the Chamber of Deputies
Executive branch
Head of State
Title
President
Currently
Petr Pavel
Appointer
Direct popular vote, two-round system
Head of Government
Title
Prime Minister
Currently
Petr Fiala
Appointer
Chamber of Deputies
Cabinet
Name
Cabinet of the Czech Republic
Current cabinet
Cabinet of Petr Fiala
Leader
Prime Minister
Headquarters
Straka Academy, Prague
Ministries
Ministerial departments
Judicial branch
Name
Judiciary
Constitutional Court
Seat
Joštova 625, Brno
Supreme Court
Seat
Burešova 20, Brno
Supreme Administrative Court
Seat
Moravské náměstí 6, Brno
Politics of the Czech Republic
Constitution
Constitutional acts
Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms
Executive
President (list)
Petr Pavel
Government
Prime Minister (list)
Petr Fiala
Parliament
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Judiciary
Constitutional Court
Supreme Court
Supreme Administrative Court
High Courts
Regional Courts
District Courts
Recent elections
Legislative: 2006
2010
2013
2017
2021
Senate: 2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
European: 2009
2014
2019
2024
Presidential:
2008
2013
2018
2023
Administrative divisions
Regions
Districts
Municipalities
Foreign relations
Czech Republic–Germany relations
Czech Republic–France relations
Czech Republic–United Kingdom relations
Czech Republic–United States relations
Czech Republic–China relations
Czech Republic–Poland relations
Czech Republic–Russia relations
Czech Republic–Ukraine relations
Politics of the European Union
Czech Republic portal
Other countries
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The Czech Republic is a unitary parliamentary republic, in which the president is the head of state and the prime minister is the head of government.[1] Executive power is exercised by the Government of the Czech Republic, which reports to the Chamber of Deputies. The legislature is exercised by the Parliament. The Czech Parliament is bicameral: the upper house of the Parliament is the Senate, and the lower house is the Chamber of Deputies. The Senate consists of 81 members who are elected for six years. The Chamber of Deputies consists of 200 members who are elected for four years. The judiciary system is topped by the trio of the Constitutional Court, Supreme Court and Supreme Administrative Court.
The highest legal document is the Constitution of the Czech Republic, complemented by constitutional laws and the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms. The current constitution went in effect on 1 January 1993,[2] after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia.
The Czech Republic has a multi-party system. Between 1993 and 2013, the two largest political parties were the centre-left Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD) and centre-right Civic Democratic Party (ODS). This changed in early 2014, with the rise of a new major political party ANO 2011, which has since led two cabinets.
The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Czech Republic a "flawed democracy" in 2022.[3] According to the V-Dem Democracy indices the Czech Republic was 2023 the 16th most electoral democratic country in the world.[4]
^"Czech Republic | World news". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
^"Constitution of the Czech Republic". Chamber of Deputies, Parliament of the Czech Republic. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
^"Democracy Index 2022: Frontline democracy and the battle for Ukraine" (PDF). Economist Intelligence Unit. 2023. Retrieved 9 February 2023.
^V-Dem Institute (2023). "The V-Dem Dataset". Retrieved 14 October 2023.
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