Polish resistance movement in World War II information
Combatant organizations opposed to Nazi Germany
Polish resistance during World War II
Part of Resistance during World War II and the Eastern Front of World War II
Sequentially from top: soldiers from Kolegium "A" of Kedyw on Stawki Street in Wola district, during the Warsaw Uprising, 1944; Jewish prisoners of Gęsiówka concentration camp liberated by Polish Home Army soldiers from "Zośka" Battalion, 5 August 1944; Polish partisans of "Jędrusie" unit in Kielce area, 1945; Old Town of Warsaw in flames during Warsaw Uprising
Date
27 September 1939 – 25 July 1945 (anti-communist resistance continued until mid-1950s)
Location
Poland, present-day Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine.
Result
Victory over Nazi Germany
Contribution to Allied forces
Restoration of Polish statehood after occupation
Sovietization of Poland, imposition of a communist puppet government and reduction of Poland to a Soviet satellite state until 1989
Liquidation of the Polish Home Army and other anti-Nazi resistance movements by the Soviet secret police
Continued anti-communist resistance
Territorial changes
Borders of Poland altered; prewar eastern territories of Poland ceded to the Soviet Union in exchange for former German territories in the West
Belligerents
Germany
Lithuanian Auxiliary Police
Lithuanian Territorial Defense Force
Ukrainian Auxiliary Police
Collaborators
Soviet Union (1939–1941; after 1944 against non-Communists only) Ukrainian Insurgent Army (1943–1945)
Polish Underground State
Home Army[a]
Peasants' Battalions[b] National Armed Forces[c] and others... Supported by: Polish Government-in-Exile Western Allies Provisional Government[d]
People's Guard (1942–1944)
People's Army (1944)
Supported by: Soviet Union (After 1941)
Commanders and leaders
Hans Frank
Walter Model
Oskar Dirlewanger †
E. von dem Bach-Zelewski
Franz Kutschera X
Rainer Stahel
Heinz Reinefarth
Lavrenty Beria
Konstantin Rokossovsky
Ivan Serov
Roman Shukhevych
Dmytro Klyachkivsky †
Henryk Dobrzański †
M. Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski
Stefan Rowecki
Tadeusz Komorowski
Leopold Okulicki
Tadeusz Pełczyński
Emil August Fieldorf
Antoni Chruściel
Franciszek Kamiński
Ignacy Oziewicz
Tadeusz Kurcyusz †
Stanisław Kasznica
Władysław Gomułka
Bolesław Bierut
Edward Osóbka-Morawski
Bolesław Mołojec
Marian Spychalski
Michał Rola-Żymierski
Franciszek Jóźwiak
Strength
1,080,000 (1944)
Polish Underground State 650,000 (1944)[1] Polish People's Army ~200,000
Casualties and losses
Germany
up to 150,000 killed, 6,000 officials assassinated
4,326 damaged or destroyed vehicles
1/8 of Eastern Front rail transport damaged or destroyed
Ukrainian Insurgent Army
6,000–12,000 killed
Polish Underground State
~34,000–100,000 killed
20,000–50,000 wounded or captured
Polish People's Army
~5,000–10,000
In Poland, the resistance movement during World War II was led by the Home Army. The Polish resistance is notable among others for disrupting German supply lines to the Eastern Front (damaging or destroying 1/8 of all rail transports), and providing intelligence reports to the British intelligence agencies (providing 43% of all reports from occupied Europe). It was a part of the Polish Underground State.
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^Krzysztof Komorowski (2009). Boje polskie 1939–1945: przewodnik encyklopedyczny (in Polish). Bellona. p. 6. ISBN 978-8373993532.
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Global Information
Soviet Union
Ukrainian Insurgent Army
Peasants' Battalions[b]
National Armed Forces[c]
Western Allies
Polish Underground State
