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Pleonasm (/ˈpliː.əˌnæzəm/; from Ancient Greek πλεονασμός (pleonasmós), from πλέον (pléon) 'to be in excess')[1][2] is redundancy in linguistic expression, such as "black darkness," "burning fire," "the man he said,"[3] or "vibrating with motion." It is a manifestation of tautology by traditional rhetorical criteria and might be considered a fault of style.[4] Pleonasm may also be used for emphasis, or because the phrase has become established in a certain form. Tautology and pleonasm are not consistently differentiated in literature.[5]
^Latham, Robert Gordon (1855). A Hand-book of the English Language: For the Use of Students of the Universities and Higher Classes of Schools. Walton & Maberly.
^"Pleonasm – Definition and Examples of Pleonasm". Literary Devices. 14 February 2014. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
^Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary (Eleventh ed.). Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster, Incorporated. 2014. p. 952. ISBN 978-0-87779-808-8.
^Okopień-Sławińska, Aleksandra (2008). "Pleonazm". In Słowiński, Janusz (ed.). Słownik terminów literackich (in Polish). Wrocław. pp. 390–391.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Szymanek, Bogdan (2015). "Remarks on Tautology in Word-Formation". In Bauer, Laurie; Körtvélyessy, Lívia; Štekauer, Pavol (eds.). Semantics of Complex Words. Studies in Morphology. Vol. 3. Springer International Publishing. p. 146. ISBN 978-3-319-14102-2. Retrieved 27 October 2020. The concept of tautology is defined here, rather loosely, as 'expressing the same idea twice in different words'... However, according to some other accounts, such expressions should rather be viewed as instances of pleonasm.
Pleonasm (/ˈpliː.əˌnæzəm/; from Ancient Greek πλεονασμός (pleonasmós), from πλέον (pléon) 'to be in excess') is redundancy in linguistic expression, such...
Tautology (rule of inference), a rule of replacement for logical expressions Pleonasm Redundancy (disambiguation) Tautological (disambiguation) Tautonym, a scientific...
ISBN 978-0-8020-6803-3. Retrieved 25 September 2013. "Pleonasm - Definition and Examples of Pleonasm". Literary Devices. 2014-02-14. Retrieved 2020-03-30...
phrase "Please RSVP", which is a case of RAS syndrome (redundancy) or a pleonasm, as "s'il vous plait" means "please". iCalendar Look up RSVP in Wiktionary...
proof is either correct or erroneous, and a "rigorous proof" is simply a pleonasm. Where a special concept of rigor comes into play is in the socialized...
thermal non-equilibrium, so the term 'heat flow' is a redundancy (i.e. a pleonasm). Heat must not be confused with stored thermal energy, and moving a hot...
"platitude" and "bromide". "In a Cottage in Fife", a Mother Goose nursery rhyme Pleonasm Georges Lebouc, 2500 noms propres devenus communs, p. 389 Michel Chabanne...
sprezzatura, and elliptic style. It contrasts with periphrasis, aureation and pleonasm. Blacketer (2006). The School of God: Pedagogy and Rhetoric in Calvin's...
for its weathercock. The church is commonly called the Dome Cathedral, a pleonasm as the word 'Dome' comes from the German Dom meaning 'cathedral'. The church...
and equity courts. "Class action lawsuit" or "class action suit" are pleonasms used by laypersons unfamiliar with the critical distinction between the...
applying human qualities to inanimate objects, animals, or natural phenomena. Pleonasm: the use of more words than is necessary for clear expression. Procatalepsis:...
singular into the plural form, because it is not necessary and considered a pleonasm (in Indonesian often called pemborosan kata). Personal pronouns are not...
rebellion. Józef Szujski notes that the literature became "infested with pleonasms, pasquinades and moral sermon". Consequently, regional councils imposed...
steadily. Adding the prefix "neuro-" to the word "cognitive" is an example of pleonasm because analogous to expressions like "burning fire" and "black darkness"...
meal "menu". In America "à la Carte Menu" can be found, an oxymoron and a pleonasm. à propos regarding/concerning (the correct French syntax is à propos de)...
Intentionally confusing wording to confuse people apart from an intended audience Pleonasm – Redundancy in linguistic expression Purple prose – Prose text that is...
Cognitive process Minimalism – Movements in various forms of art and design Pleonasm – Redundancy in linguistic expression Garner, Bryan A. (2009). Garner on...
The Elements of Eloquence: How to Turn the Perfect English Phrase is a non-fiction book by Mark Forsyth published in 2013. The book explains classical...
it is allowed for both parts of the name of a species to mean the same (pleonasm), without being identical in spelling. For instance, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi...
stuff a stuffable bit", though technically correct, does sound like a pleonasm! Similar techniques are used to combine four × 8 Mbit/s together, plus...
consistently distinguished. (The term "discriminative classifier" becomes a pleonasm when "discrimination" is equivalent to "classification".) The term "generative...
"January first" or "the first of January".) Tautologies like redundancy and pleonasm are common despite the emphasis on avoiding them, stressing brevity and...
words with disputed usage Wikipedia:List of commonly misused English words Pleonasm – Redundancy in linguistic expression Crystal, David (2008). A Dictionary...
most basic definition, "a key is a unique identifier", so unique key is a pleonasm. Keys that are within their originating entity are unique within that entity...
marketing message Memetics – Study of self-replicating units of culture Pleonasm – Redundancy in linguistic expression Psychobabble – A form of speech or...
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