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King of Macedon from 323 to 317 BC
Philip III
Gold stater struck in Babylon sometime during Philip's reign. Obv.: helmeted head of Athena facing right; rev.: Nike standing left, holding wreath and stylis.
King of Macedonia
Reign
323–317 BC
Predecessor
Alexander III
Successor
Alexander IV
Co-rulers
Alexander IV (323–317)
Pharaoh of Egypt
Reign
323–317 BC
Predecessor
Alexander III
Successor
Alexander IV
Royal titulary
Horus name
kꜢ-nḫt mrj-mꜢꜤt Kanakht merymaat The strong bull, beloved of Maat
Nebty name
ḥḳꜢ-ḫꜢswt Heqakhasut The ruler of foreign countries
Golden Horus
mrjw Meriu The beloved one
Nomen
plwpwysꜣ Pelupuisa Philippos
King of Persia
Reign
323–317 BC
Predecessor
Alexander III
Successor
Alexander IV
Born
Arrhidaeus c. 357 BC
Died
317 BC
Spouse
Adea Eurydice
Dynasty
Argead dynasty
Father
Philip II
Mother
Philinna of Larissa
Religion
Ancient Greek religion
Philip III Arrhidaeus (Ancient Greek: Φίλιππος Ἀρριδαῖος, romanized: Phílippos Arrhidaîos; c. 357 BC – 317 BC) was king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia from 323 until his execution in 317 BC. He was a son of King Philip II of Macedon by Philinna of Larissa, and thus an elder half-brother of Alexander the Great. Named Arrhidaeus at birth, he assumed the name Philip when he ascended to the throne.
As Arrhidaeus grew older it became apparent that he had mild learning difficulties. Plutarch was of the view that he became disabled by means of an attempt on his life by Philip II's wife, Queen Olympias, who wanted to eliminate a possible rival to her son, Alexander, through the employment of pharmaka (drugs/spells); however, most modern authorities doubt the truth of this claim.[1]
Alexander was fond of Arrhidaeus and took him on his campaigns[citation needed], both to protect his life and to prevent his use as a pawn in any prospective challenge for the throne. After Alexander's death in Babylon in 323 BC, the Macedonian army in Asia proclaimed Arrhidaeus as king;[2] however, he served merely as a figurehead and as the pawn of a series of powerful generals.[3]
^Elizabeth Donnelly Carney (2006). Olympias: mother of Alexander the Great. Taylor & Francis. pp. 24–25. ISBN 978-0-415-33316-0. Retrieved 14 June 2011.
^Siculus, Diodorus. Bibliotheca Historica, 18.2.1-4.
^Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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