Peseshet, who lived under the Fourth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (albeit a date in the Fifth Dynasty is also possible), is often credited with being the earliest known female physician in history. Some have credited Merit-Ptah with being the first female physician, but she is likely a fictional creation based upon Peseshet.[2] Peseshet’s relevant title was "lady overseer of the female physicians,"[3][4] but whether she was a physician herself is uncertain.[5] She also had the titles king's acquaintance, and overseer of funerary-priests of the king's mother.[6]
She is believed to have had a son Akhethetep, in whose mastaba at Giza her personal false door was found.[7][8][9] However, the mother-son relation of Akhethetep and Peseshet is not confirmed by any inscription. On the false door is also depicted a man called Kanefer. He might be her husband. Akhethetep and Kanefer were both high-ranking individuals who lived during the fourth dynasty of Egypt and served as officers.[10]
She may have graduated midwives[11] at an ancient Egyptian medical school in Sais.[citation needed]
^Hermann Ranke: Die ägyptischen Persönennamen. Verlag von J. J. Augustin in Glückstadt, 1935., p.137
^Kwiecinski, Jakub M. (2020). "Merit Ptah, The First Woman Physician: Crafting of a Feminist History with an Ancient Egyptian Setting". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 75 (1): 83–106. doi:10.1093/jhmas/jrz058.
^Plinio Prioreschi, A History of Medicine, Horatius Press 1996, p.334
^Lois N. Magner, A History of Medicine, Marcel Dekker 1992, p.28
^Sheldon J. Watts, Disease and Medicine in World History , Routledge 2003, p.19
^Selim Hassan: Excavations at Giza, 1929-30, Vol. I, Oxford 1932, p. 83, fig. 144
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several early civilizations. An Egyptian of the Old Kingdom of Egypt, Peseshet, described in an inscription as "lady overseer of the female physicians"...
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