Temporal range: Late Cretaceous (Campanian), 76–73 Ma
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Holotype skull of P. sternbergii, AMNH 6325
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Clade:
Dinosauria
Clade:
†Ornithischia
Clade:
†Ceratopsia
Family:
†Ceratopsidae
Subfamily:
†Chasmosaurinae
Genus:
†Pentaceratops Osborn, 1923
Type species
†Pentaceratops sternbergii
Osborn, 1923
Pentaceratops ("five-horned face") is a genus of herbivorous ceratopsid dinosaur from the late Cretaceous Period of what is now North America. Fossils of this animal were first discovered in 1921, but the genus was named in 1923 when its type species, Pentaceratops sternbergii, was described. Pentaceratops lived around 76–73 million years ago, its remains having been mostly found in the Kirtland Formation[1] in the San Juan Basin in New Mexico. About a dozen skulls and skeletons have been uncovered, so anatomical understanding of Pentaceratops is fairly complete. One exceptionally large specimen later became its own genus, Titanoceratops, due to its more derived morphology, similarities to Triceratops, and lack of unique characteristics shared with Pentaceratops.[2][3]
Pentaceratops was about 5.5–6 meters (18–20 ft) long, and has been estimated to have weighed around 2.5 metric tons (2.8 short tons). It had a short nose horn, two long brow horns, and long horns on the jugal bones. Its skull had a very long frill with triangular hornlets on the edge.
^Cite error: The named reference kirtlandian was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Longrich was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Wick, S. L.; Lehman, T. M. (2013). "A new ceratopsian dinosaur from the Javelina Formation (Maastrichtian) of West Texas and implications for chasmosaurine phylogeny". Naturwissenschaften. 100 (7): 667–82. Bibcode:2013NW....100..667W. doi:10.1007/s00114-013-1063-0. PMID 23728202. S2CID 16048008.
genus was named in 1923 when its type species, Pentaceratops sternbergii, was described. Pentaceratops lived around 76–73 million years ago, its remains...
frill margin that flattens and curls over onto itself, and a southern "Pentaceratops" lineage with a pinched shut indentation in the heart-shaped frill margin...
2011 by Nicholas R. Longrich for a specimen previously referred to Pentaceratops. Longrich believed that unique features found in the skull reveal it...
taxa are uncommon outside of the southern biome, where, along with Pentaceratops, they are predominate members of the fauna. In the Fruitland Formation...
cladogram below follows Longrich (2014), who named a new species of Pentaceratops, and included nearly all species of chasmosaurine. For many years after...
basal chasmosaurines with Pentaceratops. The below cladogram follows Longrich (2014), who named a new species of Pentaceratops, and included nearly all...
name honours Loris Shano Russell. In 1987, Gregory S. Paul renamed Pentaceratops sternbergii into Chasmosaurus sternbergi, but this has found no acceptance...
tons) in body mass. It was similar to other chasmosaurines such as Pentaceratops in having a short nose horn, long brow horns, and an elongate frill...
motto "Take or be taken". She is larger than other Dozeratops, has Pentaceratops-like horns and frill, and excavator tail. Pounder is a Poundersaurolophus...
Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus (an ornithopod), Daspletosaurus torosus (a tyrannosaurid), Pentaceratops sternbergii (a ceratopsian), and Grus grus (a neornithian)....
as the parietosquamosal frill. In some genera, such as Triceratops, Pentaceratops, Centrosaurus and Torosaurus, this extension is very large. Despite...
to represent a stratigraphic and morphological intermediate between Pentaceratops and Anchiceratops. Navajoceratops was also found to be marginally less...
below cladogram follows Longrich (2015), who named a new species of Pentaceratops, and included nearly all species of chasmosaurine. Despite the fragmentary...
unlike that of Pentaceratops is not especially long. Terminocavus known remains are slightly smaller than those of Utahceratops and Pentaceratops, indicating...
any known land animal. In 1998, however, Thomas Lehman claimed that a Pentaceratops specimen possessed a partial skull that would have been 2.9 m (9.5 ft)...
T. M. (1998). "A gigantic skull and skeleton of the horned dinosaur Pentaceratops sternbergi from New Mexico". Journal of Paleontology. 72 (5): 894–906...
T. M. (1998). "A gigantic skull and skeleton of the horned dinosaur Pentaceratops sternbergi from New Mexico". Journal of Paleontology. 72 (5): 894–906...
an "intermediate" form of chasmosaurine; it, along with genera like Pentaceratops and Anchiceratops, was distinctly more derived ("advanced") than forms...
S2CID 13957187. Nicholas R. Longrich (2014). "The horned dinosaurs Pentaceratops and Kosmoceratops from the upper Campanian of Alberta and implications...
pointed to an incident in the 1940s when a Navajo man helped excavate a Pentaceratops skeleton as long as he did not have to touch the bones, but left the...
Pentaceratops is running amok on the movie sets until it follows an animatronic Triceratops. The D-Team rondesvouz with Dr. Owen as the Pentaceratops...
between a clade containing Chasmosaurus and its closest relatives, and Pentaceratops and its relatives. Contrary to previous studies and informed by their...
dentaries. The holotype specimen was originally thought to be a specimen of Pentaceratops, despite being two million years younger than other specimens of that...
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