Northumberland, Cumbria, County Durham, North Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, Greater Manchester, Cheshire, Derbyshire, Staffordshire
Country
England, United Kingdom
The Pennines (/ˈpɛnaɪnz/), also known as the Pennine Chain or Pennine Hills,[1] are a range of uplands mainly located in Northern England. Commonly described as the "backbone of England" because of its length and position, the range runs from Derbyshire and Staffordshire in the North Midlands to Northumberland in North East England, near the Anglo-Scottish border. The range starts near the valley of the River Trent to the south and extends northwards across the Peak District, South Pennines, Yorkshire Dales, and North Pennines, ending at the Tyne Gap.[2][3] Beyond the gap are the Border Moors and Cheviot Hills, which are included in some definitions of the range.
The Pennines are deeply indented by valleys, and the range is divided into two by the Aire Gap, a wide pass formed by the valleys of the rivers Aire and Ribble. There are several spurs off the main Pennine range east of the gap, into Lancashire, comprising the Rossendale Fells, West Pennine Moors and the Bowland Fells.[4][5] The Howgill Fells and Orton Fells in Cumbria are also sometimes considered to be Pennine spurs.[6][7] The Pennines are an important water catchment area, with numerous reservoirs in the head streams of the river valleys.
Most of the range is protected by national parks and Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Running north to south, and including the Cheviots, the range is within Northumberland National Park, the North Pennines AONB, the Yorkshire Dales National Park, Nidderdale AONB, the Forest of Bowland AONB, and the Peak District National Park.[8][9] The only significant unprotected gap is the area between Skipton and Marsden.
Britain's oldest long-distance footpath, the 268-mile (429 km) Pennine Way, runs along most of the Pennines.[10]
^"What are the landforms of England?". Project Britain. Archived from the original on 1 August 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
^Poucher, W. A. (1946). The Backbone of England. A photographic and descriptive guide to the Pennine range from Derbyshire to Durham. Guildford and Esher: Billing and Sons Limited.
^Edwards, W.; Trotter, F. M. (1975). The Pennines and Adjacent Areas. Handbooks on the Geology of Great Britain (3rd ed.). London: HMSO (published 1954). p. 1. ISBN 0-11-880720-X.
^Dudley Stamp, L. (1946). "Britain's Structure and Scenery". Nature. The Fontana New Naturalist Series. 158 (4023) (1960 ed.). London and Glasgow: Collins: 809. Bibcode:1946Natur.158..809T. doi:10.1038/158809a0. S2CID 4074834.
^Great Britain. Alan G. Ogilvie. 2 January 2014. pp. 270–271. ISBN 9781107626539. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
^Marsh, Terry (2013). Great Mountain Days in the Pennines. Cicerone. ISBN 978-1852846503. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
^Ratcliffe, Derek (2011). A Nature Conservation Review. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521203296. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
^"Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty". Natural England. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
^"National Parks". Natural England. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
^"Trail stats, Pennine Way". National Trails Homepage. The Countryside Agency. Archived from the original on 13 August 2007. Retrieved 3 August 2007.
The Pennines (/ˈpɛnaɪnz/), also known as the Pennine Chain or Pennine Hills, are a range of uplands mainly located in Northern England. Commonly described...
Pennine may refer to: Pennine, a black-green variant of clinochlore Pennines, a mountain range in England Pennine Alps, a mountain range in the western...
The South Pennines is a region of moorland and hill country in northern England lying towards the southern end of the Pennines. In the west it includes...
TransPennine Trains Ltd, trading as TransPennine Express, is a British train operating company that has operated the TransPennine Express franchise area...
The Pennine Alps French: Alpes Pennines, German: Walliser Alpen, Italian: Alpi Pennine, Latin: Alpes Poeninae), sometimes referred to as the Valais Alps...
North Pennines – Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, showing Access, Designations and other criteria from Natural England: MAGiC MaP : North Pennines – AONB...
Southern Uplands or the northern Pennines. They are also included in the Northumberland National Park. The North Pennines (an Area of Outstanding Natural...
the Pennines, over Penyghent where the trail meets the Pennine Way. The path continues past Askrigg to Tan Hill (where it enters the North Pennines AONB)...
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northern boundary of the National Park. At Tan Hill the Pennine Way enters the North Pennines AONB and follows moorland tracks to the isolated settlement...
Combined Authority. The western part of West Yorkshire is in the South Pennines, and contains a small part of the Peak District National Park. It is characterised...
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north and the Vale of York in the south. The west contains part of the Pennines, which form the Yorkshire Dales in the north-west. The historic county...
Retrieved 19 March 2015. "North Pennines Area of Outstanding Beauty and European Geopark: A Geodiversity Audit" (PDF). North Pennines AONB. 2010. Archived from...
Pennines in Lancashire. Yorkshire Dales – an upland area of the northern Pennines. North Pennines - uplands forming the northern end of the Pennines....
The Pennine Amateur Rugby League, or Pennine League is a rugby league competition for amateur open-age clubs that runs from September to April. The clubs...
Yorkshire Mayoral Combined Authority. South Yorkshire lies on the edge of the Pennines, and the west of the county contains part of the Peak District National...
and Windermere, its longest and largest lake. The Border Moors and North Pennines lie along the county's eastern border. The south-east contains the Orton...
found in the north and west, including Dartmoor, the Lake District, the Pennines, and the Shropshire Hills. The country's capital is London, the greater...
The Pennine Way Stadium is a multi-use sports facility in Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire, and home of Hemel Stags rugby league club. Hemel Stags were...
south-west. The north and east are part of the Pennines: the West Pennine Moors in the northwest, the South Pennines in the northeast and the Peak District in...
deposited within the basin are now exposed at the surface throughout the Pennines but are also present beneath the surface over a much wider area of northern...
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