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Pendulum is an orthodontic appliance, developed by James J. Hilgers in 1992,[1] that use forces to distalize the upper 1st molars to create space for eruption of impacted teeth or allowing correction of Class 2 malocclusion. This appliance is a fixed type of distalizing appliance that does not depend on the compliance of each patient to work. Hilgers published an article in Journal of Clinical Orthodontics in 1992 describing the appliance.[2]
^Hilgers, J. J. (1992-11-01). "The pendulum appliance for Class II non-compliance therapy". Journal of Clinical Orthodontics. 26 (11): 706–714. ISSN 0022-3875. PMID 1298751.
^Kinzinger, G.; Fuhrmann, R.; Gross, U.; Diedrich, P. (2000-01-01). "Modified pendulum appliance including distal screw and uprighting activation for non-compliance therapy of Class-II malocclusion in children and adolescents". Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics. 61 (3): 175–190. ISSN 1434-5293. PMID 10863877.
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