1552 peace treaty guaranteeing Lutheran religious freedoms
The Peace of Passau was an attempt to resolve religious tensions in the Holy Roman Empire. After Emperor Charles V won a victory against Protestant forces in the Schmalkaldic War of 1547, he implemented the Augsburg Interim, which largely reaffirmed Roman Catholic beliefs. This angered many Protestant princes, and led by Maurice of Saxony, in January 1552 several formed an alliance with Henry II of France in the Treaty of Chambord. In return for French funding and assistance, Henry was promised lands in western Germany. In the ensuing Princes' Revolt, also known as the Second Schmalkaldic War, Charles was driven out of Germany to his ancestral lands in Austria by the Protestant alliance, while Henry captured the three Rhine Bishoprics of Metz, Verdun and Toul.
In August 1552, weary from three decades of religious civil war, Charles guaranteed Lutheran religious freedoms in the Peace of Passau. The implementation of the Augsburg Interim was cancelled. The Protestant princes taken prisoner during the Schmalkaldic War, John Frederick of Saxony and Philip of Hesse, were released.[1] A precursor to the Peace of Augsburg of September 1555, the Peace of Passau effectively surrendered Charles V's lifelong quest for European religious unity.[2]
In August 1552 his younger brother Archduke Ferdinand I of Austria concluded the Peace of Passau, whereby he formally accepted the Lutheran Augsburg Confession, confirmed by the emperor himself in the 1555 Peace of Augsburg.
The PeaceofPassau was an attempt to resolve religious tensions in the Holy Roman Empire. After Emperor Charles V won a victory against Protestant forces...
Passau (German: [ˈpasaʊ] ; Central Bavarian: Båssa) is a city in Lower Bavaria, Germany. It is also known as the Dreiflüssestadt ("City of Three Rivers")...
foreshadowed by the PeaceofPassau, which in 1552 gave Lutherans religious freedom after a victory by Protestant armies. Under the Passau document, Charles...
the PeaceofPassau in August, or dragged on until the Peaceof Augsburg in September 1555. The Protestant princes were supported by King Henry II of France...
Diocese ofPassau (Latin: Diœcesis Passaviensis) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Germany that is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Munich...
the PeaceofPassau in 1552, and under the legal principle of Cuius regio, eius religio (the religion of the ruler was to dictate the religion of those...
legitimization of Protestantism as a valid alternative Christian creed to Roman Catholicism finally realized in the 1552 PeaceofPassau and the 1555 Peaceof Augsburg...
religious freedom was secured for Lutherans through the PeaceofPassauof 1552 and the Peaceof Augsburg of 1555. Religious disputes between the Crypto-Calvinists...
Ferdinand (King of the Romans) signed the PeaceofPassau, which granted some freedoms to Protestants and ended all of Charles' hopes of religious unity...
forces and to cancel the Interim with the Peace of Passau, whereby John Frederick I of Saxony and Philip I of Hesse were released. An official settlement acknowledging...
torments and punishments of hell, but enter a prepared bedchamber in which they sleep in peace." He also rejected the existence of purgatory, which involved...
Habsburgs' domains, forcing Charles to flee. Signed on 10 August 1552, the PeaceofPassau prescribed that the religious issues were to be discussed at the following...
had captured from the Catholic Church since the PeaceofPassau in 1552. The ecclesiastical leaders of the Catholic Church (bishops) that had converted...
relented in the PeaceofPassau (1552) and Peaceof Augsburg (1555), which formalized the law that the rulers of a land decide its religion. Of the late Inquisitions...
In August 1552 his younger brother Archduke Ferdinand I of Austria concluded the PeaceofPassau, whereby he formally accepted the Lutheran Augsburg Confession...
pressured King Charles V to sign the Peaceof Nuremberg with the Protestant princes, accept the PeaceofPassau, and the Peaceof Augsburg, formally recognizing...
Rischer 1995, p. 232. Croxton, Derek (2013). The Last Christian Peace: The Congress of Westphalia as A Baroque Event. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-33332-2...
made it alive to Villach in a state of semi-consciousness. Subsequently, the Emperor agreed to the PeaceofPassau and liberated the Protestant princes...
The Book of Concord (1580) or Concordia (often referred to as the Lutheran Confessions) is the historic doctrinal standard of the Lutheran Church, consisting...
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