Campaign by the Roman Empire against the Parthian Empire
Parthian war of Caracalla
Part of Roman–Parthian Wars
Map of the ancient Near East, showing the respective locations of Armenia, Osroene, Adiabene and the Parthian Empire
Date
216 AD - 217 AD
Location
Western Asia
Result
Parthian victory[1][2]
Rome is forced to pay tribute to Parthia
Territorial changes
Status quo ante bellum
Belligerents
Roman Empire
Parthian Empire
Commanders and leaders
Caracalla Macrinus
Artabanus IV
Casualties and losses
Heavy
Heavy
v
t
e
Roman–Parthian Wars
Carrhae Campaign (53 BC)
Caesar's planned invasion (44 BC)
Pompeian–Parthian invasion (40–38 BC)
Antony's Parthian War (40–33 BC)
War over Armenia (58–63)
Trajan's Parthian campaign (115–117)
War of 161–166
Campaign of Septimius Severus (198)
Caracalla's Parthian War (216–217)
v
t
e
Roman–Persian Wars
Roman–Parthian Wars
Carrhae
Caesar's planned invasion
Pompeian–Parthian invasion
Cilician Gates
Amanus Pass
Mt Gindarus
Mark Antony's campaign
Armenian War of 58–63
Trajan's Parthian campaign
Lucius Verus' campaigns
2nd Ctesiphon
Parthian war of Caracalla
Nisibis
Roman–Sasanian wars
Mesopotamia
Campaign of Severus Alexander
Nisibis (235)
Hatra
Resaena
Misiche
Nisibis (252)
Barbalissos
Antioch
Dura-Europos
Edessa
Caesarea (260)
3rd Ctesiphon
Carrhae (296)
Satala
Perso-Roman wars of 337–361
1st Singara
Amida
2nd Singara
Julian's Persian expedition
Pirisabora
Maiozamalcha
Ctesiphon
Maranga
Samarra
Bagrevand
Byzantine–Sasanian wars
War of 421–422
War of 440
Anastasian War
Iberian War
Lazic War
War of 572–591
War of 602–628
The Parthian war of Caracalla was an unsuccessful campaign by the Roman Empire under Caracalla against the Parthian Empire in 216–17 AD. It was the climax of a four-year period, starting in 213, when Caracalla pursued a lengthy campaign in central and eastern Europe and the Near East.[3] After intervening to overthrow rulers in client kingdoms adjoining Parthia, he invaded in 216 using an abortive wedding proposal to the Parthian king Artabanus's daughter as a casus belli. His forces carried out a campaign of massacres in the northern regions of the Parthian Empire before withdrawing to Asia Minor, where he was assassinated in April 217. The war was ended the following year after Parthian victory at the Battle of Nisibis, with the Romans paying a huge sum of war reparations to the Parthians.
^Sampson, Gareth C. (2008). The Defeat of Rome: Crassus, Carrhae and the Invasion of the East. Pen & Sword Military. p. 179. ISBN 978-1-84415-676-4.
^Encyclopaedia Iranica "In fact, Caracalla does not seem to have reached even as far as Media, which was probably his objective"
^Scott, Andrew G. (2008). Change and Discontinuity Within the Severan Dynasty: The Case of Macrinus. pp. 25–26. ISBN 9780549890416.
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