Papilio polyxenes, the (eastern) black swallowtail, American swallowtail or parsnip swallowtail,[4] is a butterfly found throughout much of North America. An extremely similar-appearing species, Papilio joanae, occurs in the Ozark Mountains region, but it appears to be closely related to Papilio machaon, rather than P. polyxenes. The species is named after the figure in Greek mythology, Polyxena (pron.: /pəˈlɪksɨnə/; Greek: Πολυξένη), who was the youngest daughter of King Priam of Troy. Its caterpillar is called the parsley worm because the caterpillar feeds on parsley.[4]
The Papilio polyxenes demonstrates polyandry and a lek mating system, showing no male parental care and display sites. Females are therefore able to choose males based on these sites and males are the only resource the females find at these sites.[5]
^"NatureServe Explorer 2.0 - Papilio polyxenes, Black Swallowtail". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
^Puttick, A.; Walker, A.; Hall, P. (2021). "Papilio polyxenes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T110613568A110613582. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T110613568A110613582.en. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
^Orellana-B., Andrés M. "Description Of A New Tropical Subspecies Of The Black Swallowtail Butterfly, Papilio Polyxenes (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) From Venezuela". Boletín Científico Centro de Museos Museo de Historia Natural. 13 (1): 92–101.
^ abCastner, J.L. "Electronic Data Information Source". Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. University of Florida. Archived from the original on April 26, 2012. Retrieved 2013-08-23.
^Cite error: The named reference :10 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
Papiliopolyxenes, the (eastern) black swallowtail, American swallowtail or parsnip swallowtail, is a butterfly found throughout much of North America...
(Battus philenor), the spicebush swallowtail (Papilio troilus), and the female black swallowtail (Papiliopolyxenes). B. philenor differs from the dark morph...
philenor and Papilio Troilus, P. polyxenes and P. glaucus." Evolution 12 (2): 123-136 JSTOR 2406023. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Papilio troilus...
swallowtail Papiliopolyxenes Fabricius, 1775 – black swallowtail, eastern black swallowtail, American swallowtail, or parsnip swallowtail Papilio saharae...
Determination in Lepidoptera. I. Experiments with Papilio polytes, Papilio demoleus and Papiliopolyxenes". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series...
description concerned the species named Papiliopolyxenes by Johann Christian Fabricius in 1775, and depicted as Papilio asterius in 1782 by Pieter Cramer (they...
Papilionidae. It was once considered a synonym of the black swallowtail (Papiliopolyxenes). The Ozark swallowtail is almost identical to the black swallowtail...
of some lepidopteran species, including the parsnip swallowtail (Papiliopolyxenes), the common swift moth (Korscheltellus lupulina), the garden dart...
for the caterpillars of the black swallowtail (Papiliopolyxenes asterius) and Ozark swallowtail (Papilio joanae) butterflies. Females of the mining bee...
their host plants. For example, the eastern black swallowtail's (Papiliopolyxenes) main host plant in the wild is Queen Anne's lace, but they also eat...
mimicry of non-poisonous butterfly species, like the Batesian mimic Papiliopolyxenes of the poisonous model Battus philenor. Although evolution should...
(asymmetry) in the outer flowers. The black swallowtail butterfly, Papiliopolyxenes, uses the family Apiaceae for food and host plants for oviposition...
short-tailed swallowtail is very similar to the male black swallowtail (Papiliopolyxenes) but has shorter tails, and the forewing tip is rounder. The yellow...
"Territorial Defense and Lek Behavior of the Black Swallowtail Butterfly, Papiliopolyxenes". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 10 (2): 109–118. doi:10.1007/bf00300170...
nectar and pollen of the flowers. The caterpillars of the butterfly Papiliopolyxenes (Black Swallowtail) feed on the foliage. O. claytonii is very similar...
nectar and pollen of the flowers. The caterpillars of the butterfly Papiliopolyxenes (Black Swallowtail) feed on the foliage. O. longistylis is very similar...
host plant for the black swallowtail butterfly (Papiliopolyxenes), the short-tailed swallowtail (Papilio brevicauda), and the moths Agonopterix clemensella...
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