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Oxygen balance (OB, OB%, or Ω) is an expression that is used to indicate the degree to which an explosive can be oxidized,[1] to determine if an explosive molecule contains enough oxygen to fully oxidize the other atoms in the explosive. For example, fully oxidized carbon forms carbon dioxide, hydrogen forms water, sulfur forms sulfur dioxide, and metals form metal oxides. A molecule is said to have a positive oxygen balance if it contains more oxygen than is needed and a negative oxygen balance if it contains less oxygen than is needed.[2]
An explosive with a negative oxygen balance will lead to incomplete combustion, which commonly produces carbon monoxide, which is a toxic gas. Explosives with negative or positive oxygen balance are commonly mixed with other energetic materials that are either oxygen positive or negative, respectively, to increase the explosive's power. For example, TNT is an oxygen negative explosive and is commonly mixed with oxygen positive energetic materials or fuels to increase its power.[3][4]
^"The Oxygen Balance for Thermal Hazards Assessment". iomosaic.com. Retrieved 2022-10-11.
^Meyer, Rudolf; Köhler, Josef; Homburg, Axel (2007). Explosives (6th ed.). Wiley VCH. ISBN 978-3-527-31656-4.
^Campbell J (1985). Naval weapons of World War Two. London: Conway Maritime Press. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-85177-329-2.
^U.S. Explosive Ordnance, Bureau of Ordnance. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of the Navy. 1947. p. 580.
Oxygenbalance (OB, OB%, or Ω) is an expression that is used to indicate the degree to which an explosive can be oxidized, to determine if an explosive...
has, that PETN does not, is a positive oxygenbalance, which means that ETN possesses more than enough oxygen in its structure to fully oxidize all of...
zero oxygenbalance. The molecule is said to have a positive oxygenbalance if it contains more oxygen than is needed and a negative oxygenbalance if it...
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Oxygen isotope ratio cycles are cyclical variations in the ratio of the abundance of oxygen with an atomic mass of 18 to the abundance of oxygen with an...
believed to have marginally better performance, despite having a worse oxygenbalance. Octanitrocubane is thought to have 20–25% greater performance than...
outweigh the benefits of other explosives, such as water resistance, oxygenbalance, higher detonation velocity, or performance in small-diameter columns...
is to alter the balance of nature by increasing the concentration of anaerobic over aerobic species. Oxygen deficiency "Dissolved Oxygen - Environmental...
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51% ammonium nitrate, 40% TNT, and 9% RDX (which also has a negative oxygenbalance). Amatol is rare today, except in legacy munitions or unexploded ordnance...
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systems is of particular importance for the life of marine mammals. The oxygenbalance is effective. Each breath can replace up to 90% of the total lung volume...
offered by conventional industrial explosives, such as water resistance, oxygenbalance, high detonation velocity, and performance in small diameters.: 2 Ammonium...
Oxygen toxicity is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing molecular oxygen (O 2) at increased partial pressures. Severe cases can...
gels were commercially successful, but the TNT led to problems with oxygenbalance: namely elevated amounts of combustion by-products such as carbon monoxide...
further be inhibited by presence of carbon monoxide, either by negative oxygenbalance of the composition in presence of organic fuels, or by addition of the...
Basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS, BOP, BOF, or OSM), also known as Linz-Donawitz steelmaking or the oxygen converter process, is a method of primary steelmaking...
systems is of particular importance for the life of marine mammals. The oxygenbalance is effective. Each breath can replace up to 90% of the total lung volume...
imparts better explosive properties and helps create a more favorable oxygenbalance. After World War II, methylammonium nitrate was largely ignored by explosives...
other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same...
three elemental balance equations are: Carbon: a + b = 3 {\displaystyle a+b=3} Hydrogen: 2 c + 2 d = 8 {\displaystyle 2c+2d=8} Oxygen: 2 a + b + c = 8...
An oxygen bar is an establishment, or part of one, that sells oxygen for recreational use. Individual scents may be added to enhance the experience. The...
organism and includes many variables, such as body temperature and fluid balance, being kept within certain pre-set limits (homeostatic range). Other variables...
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