Royal Navy Soviet Navy RAF Coastal Command Soviet Air Defence Forces Merchant Navy United States Merchant Marine merchant ships from Allied and neutral nations
23 Soviet independent sailings 29 October 1942 – 24 January 1943, 1 sunk
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Arctic naval operations of World War II
1940
Weserübung
Narvik
Alphabet
Juno
1941
Claymore
Polyarny
1942
Sportpalast
Rösselsprung
Doppelschlag (cancelled)
Zarin
Wunderland
Cape Pikshuev
Orator
Motovsky Gulf
Barents Sea
Regenbogen
1943
Kara Sea
Zitronella
Ostfront
North Cape
1944
Mascot
Petsamo–Kirkenes
Convoys 1941
Dervish
PQ 1
PQ 2
PQ 3
PQ 4
PQ 5
PQ 6
PQ 7
QP 1
QP 2
QP 3
QP 4
1942
PQ 8
PQ 9/10
QP 10
PQ 11
PQ 12
PQ 13
QP 13
PQ 14
QP 14
PQ 15
QP 15
QP 11
PQ 16
PQ 17
PQ 18
FB
JW 51A
JW 51B
QP 5
QP 6
QP 7
QP 8
QP 9
QP 12
RA 51
1943
JW 52
JW 53
JW 54A
JW 54B
JW 55A
JW 55B
RA 52
RA 53
RA 54A
RA 54B
RA 55A
RA 55B
1944
JW 56A
JW 56B
JW 57
JW 58
JW 59
JW 60
JW 61
JW 61A
JW 62
JW 63
JW 64
RA 56
RA 57
RA 58
RA 59
RA 59A
RA 60
RA 61
RA 61A
RA 62
RA 63
1945
JW 64
JW 65
JW 66
JW 67
RA 64
RA 65
RA 66
RA 67
Operation FB (29 October – 9 November 1942) took place as part of the Arctic Convoys of the Second World War. The operation consisted of independent sailings by unescorted merchant ships between Iceland and Murmansk. In late 1942, the Allies had taken the offensive against Germany but the dispatch of supplies to the USSR by convoy via the Arctic route was suspended, due to the demands of the Mediterranean campaign. Convoy PQ 19 was cancelled because the Home Fleet diverted ships to the Mediterranean for Operation Torch (8–16 November 1942) which would have had to be postponed for three weeks had ships been provided for PQ 19.
Discussions between the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and the US President Franklin D. Roosevelt led to ships being dispatched independently to Russia from Iceland as a substitute for PQ 19, using the polar night of the Arctic winter for concealment. The ships sailed at approximately twelve-hour intervals, with seven trawlers strung out along the routes as rescue ships. Of thirteen sailings to Russia, three were ordered to turn back and five arrived; of 23 independent departures from the USSR, 22 ships reached their destination. The outbound convoy series JW, began with Convoy JW 51A (15–25 December 1942), returns being called RW.
OperationFB (29 October – 9 November 1942) took place as part of the Arctic Convoys of the Second World War. The operation consisted of independent sailings...
The Subaru FB engine is the third and current generation of gasoline boxer-4 engine used in Subaru automobiles, and was announced on 23 September 2010...
Łucznik Arms Factory in the city of Radom. The rifle replaced the 5.45×39mm FB Tantal used in the Polish Armed Forces; it also replaced the Armed Forces'...
during Operation Torch in the Mediterranean and OperationFB, the routing of single ships to Russia, had provided no opportunity to begin the operation. The...
10BASE-FB is a network segment used to bridge Ethernet hubs. Here FB abbreviates FiberBackbone. Due to the synchronous operation of 10BASE-FB, delays...
shore-based only. FB-2 (Model 53) Two FB-1s modified for carrier operation, 510 hp (380 kW) Packard 1A-1500 engine. Later converted to FB-1 standard. FB-3 (Model...
information series appeared in 1995. The pistol's operation principle is the Short recoil operation, with a mechanism similar to that of the Browning...
manufactured by FB "Łucznik" Radom for military and law enforcement personnel. PR-15 Ragun was initially conceived as a replacement for the FB P-64, FB P-83 Wanad...
aircraft's bomb bay when necessary. The Mosquito FB Mk. VI was often flown in special raids, such as Operation Jericho (an attack on Amiens Prison in early...
systems. DirectFB allows applications to talk directly to video hardware through a direct API, speeding up and simplifying graphic operations. It is often...
The Vampire FB.5 became the most numerous single-seat variant of the type, 473 aircraft having been produced. Experience of Vampire operation in tropical...
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part of Germany's naval and air forces. In June 1941, Germany launched Operation Barbarossa, invading the USSR. The following month, Britain and the Soviet...
A Fully Buffered DIMM (FB-DIMM) is a type of memory module used in computer systems. It is designed to improve memory performance and capacity by allowing...
jet-powered combat aircraft; it was initially referred to as the Vampire FB 8 prior to the adoption of the Venom name. The Venom was developed during...
first years of the Second World War and was lost in November 1942 on OperationFB, a series of individual sailings from Iceland to northern Russia. The...
The attacking force consisted of Royal Air Force de Havilland Mosquito F.B.VI fighter-bombers of No. 140 Wing RAF, comprising No. 21 Squadron RAF, No...
President of Operations and performance improved. The Series FB was advertised as the FB-12 and FB-20 (roadster), FB-22 and FB-30 (coupe), FB-40 and FB-42 (sedan)...
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unit design; both cab-equipped lead (A unit) FA and cabless booster (B unit) FB models were built. A dual passenger-freight version, the FPA/FPB, was also...
with a bayonet, bipod or the 40 mm wz. 1974 underslung grenade launcher. FB "Łucznik" Radom Woźniak, Ryszard. Encyklopedia najnowszej broni palnej - tom...
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