General description of the egg and oncosphere of Echinococcus spp.
An oncosphere is the larval form of a tapeworm once it has been ingested by an intermediate host animal. The intermediate host must ingest the tapeworm's eggs either in food or water-- once this has happened, the eggs hatch and develop into oncospheres which will then burrow through the gut wall of the intermediate host in order to access the organs or tissues of that host where they will continue the next stage of their development as cysticerci or bladderworms. The bladderworm is a cyst created by the oncosphere. In order to become an adult tapeworm, a cysticercus must then be consumed by its definitive host (in either raw or undercooked meat) and establish itself by anchoring in that host's digestive tract. From there, the worm will grow in length and eventually produce proglottids which will exit the intestinal tract with other waste material and then burst, releasing the worm's eggs and completing the cycle.[1][2]
^Vuitton, Dominique A.; McManus, Donald P.; Rogan, Michael T.; Romig, Thomas; Gottstein, Bruno; Naidich, Ariel; Tuxun, Tuerhongjiang; Wen, Hao; Menezes da Silva, Antonio; Vuitton, Dominique A.; McManus, Donald P.; Romig, Thomas; Rogan, Michael R.; Gottstein, Bruno; Menezes da Silva, Antonio; Wen, Hao; Naidich, Ariel; Tuxun, Tuerhongjiang; Avcioglu, Amza; Boufana, Belgees; Budke, Christine; Casulli, Adriano; Güven, Esin; Hillenbrand, Andreas; Jalousian, Fateme; Jemli, Mohamed Habib; Knapp, Jenny; Laatamna, Abdelkarim; Lahmar, Samia; Naidich, Ariel; Rogan, Michael T.; Sadjjadi, Seyed Mahmoud; Schmidberger, Julian; Amri, Manel; Bellanger, Anne-Pauline; Benazzouz, Sara; Brehm, Klaus; Hillenbrand, Andreas; Jalousian, Fateme; Kachani, Malika; Labsi, Moussa; Masala, Giovanna; Menezes da Silva, Antonio; Sadjjadi Seyed, Mahmoud; Soufli, Imene; Touil-Boukoffa, Chafia; Wang, Junhua; Zeyhle, Eberhard; Aji, Tuerganaili; Akhan, Okan; Bresson-Hadni, Solange; Dziri, Chadli; Gräter, Tilmann; Grüner, Beate; Haïf, Assia; Hillenbrand, Andreas; Koch, Stéphane; Rogan, Michael T.; Tamarozzi, Francesca; Tuxun, Tuerhongjiang; Giraudoux, Patrick; Torgerson, Paul; Vizcaychipi, Katherina; Xiao, Ning; Altintas, Nazmiye; Lin, Renyong; Millon, Laurence; Zhang, Wenbao; Achour, Karima; Fan, Haining; Junghanss, Thomas; Mantion, Georges A. (2020). "International consensus on terminology to be used in the field of echinococcoses". Parasite. 27: 41. doi:10.1051/parasite/2020024. ISSN 1776-1042. PMC 7273836. PMID 32500855.
^John Ridley (22 February 2011). Parasitology for Medical and Clinical Laboratory Professionals. Cengage Learning. p. 170. ISBN 978-1-133-41701-9.
An oncosphere is the larval form of a tapeworm once it has been ingested by an intermediate host animal. The intermediate host must ingest the tapeworm's...
embryonated eggs, called oncospheres, are released with faeces and are transmitted to cattle through contaminated fodder. Oncospheres develop inside muscle...
animal such as a cow. This animal then becomes an intermediate host, the oncosphere boring through the gut wall and migrating to another part of the body...
disintegrate, releasing eggs, which measure 30 to 47 μm in diameter. The oncosphere is covered with a thin, hyaline, outer membrane and an inner, thick membrane...
their fodder. Pigs ingest the eggs, which develop into larvae, then into oncospheres, and ultimately into infective tapeworm cysts, called cysticercus. Humans...
tapeworm eggs in their feces. Annelids eat the eggs, where they hatch into oncosphere larvae that move through intestinal wall and become procercoid larvae...
hatches in the small intestine of the intermediate host and releases an oncosphere that penetrates the intestinal wall and moves through the circulatory...
stages inside different hosts. The initial six-hooked embryo, known as an oncosphere or hexacanth, forms through cleavage. In the order Pseudophyllidea, it...
intermediate host's tissue when eggs are consumed. The eggs hatch into an oncosphere, which passes through the intestinal wall and forms the metacestode. An...
directly from person to person by eggs in feces. When this happens, H. nana oncosphere larvae encyst in the intestinal wall and develop into cysticercoids and...
ingestion of the coracidium parasite structure that contains the larval oncosphere. The flatworm in this stage is not enclosed in a protective cyst, but...
unembryonated in feces. Under appropriate conditions, the eggs mature and yield oncosphere which develop into a coracidia. Planktonic copepods serve as the first...
member of the Leporidae family. Once inside the rabbit's gut the larva or oncosphere phase will then penetrate into the intestinal wall until they reach the...
to 0.0026 in) long and 38 to 44 μm (0.0015 to 0.0017 in) in diameter. Oncospheres can be made out inside ripe eggs. Coracidia are around the same size...
such as Taenia solium, T. crassiceps, T. saginata, T. ovis and target oncospheres and/or cysticerci. In 1983, Molinari et al. reported the first vaccine...
shell of the egg and allow formation of the zygotes called "oncospheres". These oncospheres then penetrate the mucous layer of the digestive tract and...
identifying feature of each species. Eggs develop into larval forms called oncospheres, which are ingested by ants, and enters the alimentary canal, from where...
the eggs develop into cysticercoids. As shown in the CDC life cycle, oncospheres hatch and then penetrate the intestinal wall. Rodents can become infected...
of F. liguloides begins by Artemia ingesting the cestode larva, called oncosphere. It then penetrates the intestinal wall into the hemocoel where it becomes...
of grass. Once inside the intestine of mites, the eggs hatch and the oncospheres penetrate into the haemocoel and develops to the cysticercoid stage....
exposed to gastric secretions proceeded by intestinal secretions. The oncospheres hatch in the intestine, invade the intestinal wall, and are carried in...
and release oncospheres. Oncospheres are the larval form of tapeworms that contain hooks for attaching to the host’s tissues. The oncospheres continue to...
weeks, a tapeworm limb containing coated oncospheres is released and excreted in the feces. The coated oncospheres are very stable in the environment, even...
intermediate host, an annelid. Here, the eggs hatch and develop into oncosphere larvae which travel through the intestines and eventually further develop...
saginata: vaccination against cysticercosis in cattle with recombinant oncosphere antigens. Experimental Parasitology 84, 330-338. Flisser, A., Gauci, C...
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