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Old Saxon information


Old Saxon
Old Low German
Sahsisk
RegionNorthwest Germany, Northeast Netherlands, Southern Denmark (North Schleswig)
EthnicitySaxons
Era8th–12th centuries; mostly developed into Middle Low German at the end of the 12th century
Language family
Indo-European
  • Germanic
    • West Germanic
      • North Sea Germanic
        • Old Saxon
Writing system
Runic, later Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3osx
Linguist List
osx
Glottologolds1250
Area in which Old Saxon was spoken in yellow
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Old Saxon (German: altsächsische Sprache), also known as Old Low German (German: altniederdeutsche Sprache), was a Germanic language and the earliest recorded form of Low German (spoken nowadays in Northern Germany, the northeastern Netherlands, southern Denmark, the Americas and parts of Eastern Europe). It is a West Germanic language, closely related to the Anglo-Frisian languages.[1] It is documented from the 8th century until the 12th century, when it gradually evolved into Middle Low German. It was spoken throughout modern northwestern Germany, primarily in the coastal regions and in the eastern Netherlands by Saxons, a Germanic tribe that inhabited the region of Saxony. It partially shares Anglo-Frisian's (Old Frisian, Old English) Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law which sets it apart from Low Franconian and Irminonic languages, such as Dutch, Luxembourgish and German.

The grammar of Old Saxon was fully inflected with five grammatical cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, and instrumental), three grammatical numbers (singular, plural, and dual), and three grammatical genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter). The dual forms occurred in the first and second persons only.

  1. ^ "Old Saxon language | Old Saxon language | West Germanic, Low German | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2024-01-01.

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⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. The phonology of Old Saxon mirrors that of the other ancient Germanic languages, and also, to a lesser...

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she is known in Old High German as Frīja, in Langobardic as Frēa, in Old English as Frīg, in Old Frisian as Frīa, and in Old Saxon as Frī, all ultimately...

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Runes

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⟨u⟩, ⟨þ⟩/⟨th⟩, ⟨a⟩, ⟨r⟩, and ⟨k⟩. The Anglo-Saxon variant is futhorc, or fuþorc, due to changes in Old English of the sounds represented by the fourth...

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in written Old Saxon, and was still present in Old Norse when a short vowel preceded and a back vowel followed; but in Old English and Old High German...

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