15.2 by 25.4 by 33 centimeters (6.0 in × 10.0 in × 13.0 in)
Start of mission
Launch date
12 December 1961, 20:40 UTC
Rocket
Thor DM-21 Agena-B
Launch site
Vandenberg LC-75-3-4
End of mission
Decay date
31 January 1962 (31 January 1962)
Orbital parameters
Reference system
Geocentric
Regime
Low Earth
Eccentricity
0.01698
Perigee altitude
245 kilometers (152 mi)
Apogee altitude
474 kilometers (295 mi)
Inclination
81.20 degrees
Period
91.1 minutes
OSCAR
← None
OSCAR 2 →
OSCAR 1 (Orbiting Satellite Carrying Amateur Radio 1, also known as OSCAR 1) is the first amateur radio satellite launched by Project OSCAR into low Earth orbit. OSCAR I was launched December 12, 1961, by a Thor-DM21 Agena B launcher from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Lompoc, California. The satellite, a rectangular box (30 x 25 x 12 cm) weighing 10 kg., was launched as a secondary payload (ballast) for Corona 9029, also known as Discoverer 36, the eighth and final launch of a KH-3 satellite.[1]
The satellite had a battery-powered 140 mW transmitter operating in the 2-meter band (144.983 MHz), employed a monopole transmitting antenna 60 cm long extended from the center of the convex surface, but had no attitude control system.
Like Sputnik 1, Oscar 1 carried only a simple beacon. For three weeks it transmitted its Morse Code message "HI". To this day, many organizations identify their Morse-transmitting satellites with "HI", which also indicates laughter in amateur telegraphy.
OSCAR I lasted 22 days ceasing operation on January 3, 1962, and re-entered January 31, 1962.[2][3]
After the launch of OSCAR 1, United States Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, honored it with a telegram that read: "For me this project is symbolic of the type of freedom for which this country stands — freedom of enterprise and freedom of participation on the part of individuals throughout the world."[4]
^"Discoverer 36". NASA National Space Science Data Center. 30 June 1977. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
^"Oscar 1". NASA National Space Science Data Center. 30 June 1977. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
^"OSCAR 1". Gunter's Space Page. 31 December 1999. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
^Astronautical and Aeronautical Events of 1962. Report of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Committee on Science and Astronautics, 88th Congress (Report). 12 June 1963.
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