The nuclear industry in South Australia is focused on uranium mining, milling and the export of uranium oxide concentrate for use in the production of nuclear fuel for nuclear power plants. The state is home to the world's largest known single deposit of uranium, which is worked by BHP at the Olympic Dam mine.
Contaminated legacy sites exist at Maralinga and Emu Field, where nuclear weapons tests were conducted in the 1950s and 1960s; and at former uranium mines and milling sites. Nuclear waste is also stored by the CSIRO at Woomera. In 2016, the Nuclear Fuel Cycle Royal Commission recommended that South Australia consider establishing a facility for nuclear waste storage (including developing a repository for spent nuclear fuel) and repealing prohibitions which currently prevent future nuclear industrial development nationally.
In 2017, a site near Kimba on Eyre Peninsula was selected for Australia's national radioactive waste management facility, where domestically generated nuclear waste would be stored. Construction was planned for late 2022. Selection of this site has generated an environmental conflict, because the Barngarla people who claim the site as their traditional land were not consulted or included in the vote approving the facility.[1] Barngarla elders have raised legal challenges to the site selection.[2][3]
Advocates for an expanded nuclear industry in South Australia have included former Prime Ministers from both Labor and Liberal parties.
^Shepherd, Tory (13 October 2022). "Australia's nuclear waste is growing as battle over dump site heats up". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 4 February 2023.
^"Earthworks approved for nuclear waste dump despite opposition from traditional owners, court hears". the Guardian. Australian Associated Press. 15 June 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2023.
^"National Radioactive Waste Management Facility - Radioactive waste". Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency. Retrieved 24 January 2022.
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