Branch of chemistry dealing with radioactivity, transmutation and other nuclear processes
Alpha decay is one type of radioactive decay, in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle, and thereby transforms (or "decays") into an atom with a mass number decreased by 4 and atomic number decreased by 2.
Nuclear chemistry is the sub-field of chemistry dealing with radioactivity, nuclear processes, and transformations in the nuclei of atoms, such as nuclear transmutation and nuclear properties.
It is the chemistry of radioactive elements such as the actinides, radium and radon together with the chemistry associated with equipment (such as nuclear reactors) which are designed to perform nuclear processes. This includes the corrosion of surfaces and the behavior under conditions of both normal and abnormal operation (such as during an accident). An important area is the behavior of objects and materials after being placed into a nuclear waste storage or disposal site.
It includes the study of the chemical effects resulting from the absorption of radiation within living animals, plants, and other materials. The radiation chemistry controls much of radiation biology as radiation has an effect on living things at the molecular scale. To explain it another way, the radiation alters the biochemicals within an organism, the alteration of the bio-molecules then changes the chemistry which occurs within the organism; this change in chemistry then can lead to a biological outcome. As a result, nuclear chemistry greatly assists the understanding of medical treatments (such as cancer radiotherapy) and has enabled these treatments to improve.
It includes the study of the production and use of radioactive sources for a range of processes. These include radiotherapy in medical applications; the use of radioactive tracers within industry, science and the environment, and the use of radiation to modify materials such as polymers.[1]
It also includes the study and use of nuclear processes in non-radioactive areas of human activity. For instance, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is commonly used in synthetic organic chemistry and physical chemistry and for structural analysis in macro-molecular chemistry.
^Clough, R. L.; Gillen, K. T. (1 January 1989). Radiation-Oxidation of Polymers. IAEA advisory group meeting on radiation degradation of polymers, Takasaki, Japan, 17-20 Jul 1989. OSTI 6050016.
Nuclearchemistry is the sub-field of chemistry dealing with radioactivity, nuclear processes, and transformations in the nuclei of atoms, such as nuclear...
the German Otto Hahn, who went on to father the emerging nuclearchemistry and discovered nuclear fission. The electronic theory of chemical bonds and molecular...
cloud. Protons and neutrons are bound together to form a nucleus by the nuclear force. The diameter of the nucleus is in the range of 1.70 fm (1.70×10−15 m)...
infra-red (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and scanning probe microscopy. Quantum chemistry may be applied to the prediction...
In nuclear physics and nuclearchemistry, a nuclear reaction is a process in which two nuclei, or a nucleus and an external subatomic particle, collide...
nuclear chain reaction was possible led to the development of nuclear power and nuclear weapons. Hahn was awarded the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for...
and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, is probably the most important 20th century development. Further development in physical chemistry may be...
Singh (1994). NuclearChemistry. Anmol Publications. p. 202. ISBN 81-261-1763-X. Gopal B. Saha (1 November 2010). Fundamentals of Nuclear Pharmacy. Springer...
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one chemical element or an isotope into another chemical element. Nuclear transmutation occurs in any process...
Nuclear fission products are the atomic fragments left after a large atomic nucleus undergoes nuclear fission. Typically, a large nucleus like that of...
A nuclear explosion is an explosion that occurs as a result of the rapid release of energy from a high-speed nuclear reaction. The driving reaction may...
Nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei, usually deuterium and tritium (hydrogen isotopes), combine to form one or more different...
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity, radioactive disintegration, or nuclear disintegration) is the process by which an unstable...
(1957). "Solvent Distribution Studies of the Chemistry of Astatine". Journal of Inorganic and NuclearChemistry. 4 (5–6): 349–353. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(57)80018-9...
Actinide chemistry (or actinoid chemistry) is one of the main branches of nuclearchemistry that investigates the processes and molecular systems of the...
natural nuclear fission reactor is a uranium deposit where self-sustaining nuclear chain reactions occur. The conditions under which a natural nuclear reactor...
"Nuclear binding energy". How to solve for nuclear binding energy. Guides to solving many of the types of quantitative problems found in Chemistry 116...
possibility of a nuclear chain reaction. Hahn received the 1944 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for the discoveries. Nuclear fission was the basis for nuclear reactors...
enough for chemical experimentation. Chemistry portal Materials science in science fiction § Moscovium In nuclear physics, an element is called heavy if...
Nuclear fallout is the residual radioactive material propelled into the upper atmosphere following a nuclear blast, so called because it "falls out" of...
isothiocyanate and its addition compounds". Journal of Inorganic and NuclearChemistry. 33 (1): 17–22. doi:10.1016/0022-1902(71)80004-0. S. J. Patel; D....
Radiation chemistry is a subdivision of nuclearchemistry which studies the chemical effects of ionizing radiation on matter. This is quite different...
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