Routine ultrasound done between 11 and 14 weeks pregnancy
Nuchal scan
Measurements of fetal nuchal translucency, nasal bone and facial angle according to the standards of the Fetal Medicine Foundation
Synonyms
Nuchal translucency
Purpose
Used to screen for abnormalities in a developing fetus
A nuchal scan or nuchal translucency (NT) scan/procedure is a sonographic prenatal screening scan (ultrasound) to detect chromosomal abnormalities in a fetus, though altered extracellular matrix composition and limited lymphatic drainage can also be detected.[1]
Since chromosomal abnormalities can result in impaired cardiovascular development, a nuchal translucency scan is used as a screening, rather than diagnostic, tool for conditions such as Down syndrome, Patau syndrome, Edwards Syndrome, and non-genetic body-stalk anomaly.[2]
There are two distinct measurements: the size of the nuchal translucency and the thickness of the nuchal fold. Nuchal translucency size is typically assessed at the end of the first trimester, between 11 weeks 3 days and 13 weeks 6 days of pregnancy.[3] Nuchal fold thickness is measured towards the end of the second trimester. As nuchal translucency size increases, the chances of a chromosomal abnormality and mortality increase; 65% of the largest translucencies (>6.5mm) are due to chromosomal abnormality, while fatality is 19% at this size.[2] A nuchal scan may also help confirm both the accuracy of the pregnancy dates and the fetal viability.
^Souka AP, Von Kaisenberg CS, Hyett JA, Sonek JD, Nicolaides KH (2005-04-06). "Increased nuchal translucency with normal karyotype". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 192 (4): 1005–1021. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2004.12.093. PMID 15846173.
^ abSouka AP, Von Kaisenberg CS, Hyett JA, Sonek JD, Nicolaides KH (2005-04-06). "Increased nuchal translucency with normal karyotype". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 192 (4): 1005–1021. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2004.12.093. PMID 15846173.
^Gomella, Tricia; Cunningham, M. (2013). Neonatology : management, procedures, on-call problems, diseases, and drugs. Gomella, Tricia Lacy, Cunningham, M. Douglas, Eyal, Fabien G. (7th ed.). New York. ISBN 9780071768016. OCLC 830349840.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
A nuchalscan or nuchal translucency (NT) scan/procedure is a sonographic prenatal screening scan (ultrasound) to detect chromosomal abnormalities in...
gestational age at time of scan, the expertise of the ultrasound technician and interpreting obstetrician, and maternal obesity. Nuchalscan Committee on Practice...
days' gestational age in countries with resources to perform them (the nuchalscan). Performing an ultrasound at this early stage of pregnancy can more...
nuchal cord is when the umbilical cord becomes wrapped around the fetus's neck. Symptoms present in the baby shortly after birth from a prior nuchal cord...
limbs, genitalia, or the face. It is sometimes diagnosed prenatally by a nuchalscan or postnatally by lymphoscintigraphy.[medical citation needed] The most...
and can include obstetric ultrasonography to give scans such as the nuchalscan. 3D ultrasound scans can give detailed information of structural anomalies...
tumor size to assess treatment response for patients with cancer, the Nuchalscan used for prenatal screening, or the assessment of lesion load and brain...
first-trimester screening should be based solely on the maternal age and the nuchal translucency scan as biomarkers are altered in these cases. Measurement of fetal...
Normotension, normal level of blood pressure Nuchal translucency scan, a sonographic prenatal screening scan nt, nucleotide, a chemical compound making...
conjunction with other tests such as MRI, MRA, carotid duplex ultrasound and CT scans. The tests are also used for research in cognitive neuroscience.[citation...
value of fetal ultrasound, and the nuchal translucency scan (pictured), the first-trimester analog of the nuchal fold thickness test, is now a standard...
infection. Onset is abrupt. Vomiting may be present at the onset but fever and nuchal rigidity characteristically are absent. Horizontal nystagmus is present...
cause) include headache, nausea and vomiting, fever, and visual impairment. Nuchal rigidity (or neck stiffness with discomfort in trying to move the neck)...
the retina. Fever, tachycardia and sepsis may be present. Headache with nuchal rigidity (neck stiffness) may occur. One or both pupils may be dilated and...
supporting the head. This is unlikely, because in all modern archosaurs, the nuchal ligament attaches to the neck or base of the skull. Othenio Abel proposed...
presents with the classic headache, photophobia, fever, nausea, vomiting, and nuchal rigidity. With coxsackie and echo virus' specifically, a maculopapular rash...
Boulahdour, H.; Chatellier, G. (1998). "Value of quantitative radionuclide bone scanning in the diagnosis of sacroiliac joint syndrome in 32 patients with low back...
methods based on last menstrual period. Ultrasound is used to measure the nuchal fold in order to screen for Down syndrome. Pre-conception counseling is...
Olszewski J (1963). "Supranuclear Ophthalmoplegia, Pseudobulbar Palsy, Nuchal Dystonia and Dementia. A Clinical Report on Eight Cases of 'heterogenous...
traits of the human skull demonstrate sexual dimorphism, such as the median nuchal line, mastoid processes, supraorbital margin, supraorbital ridge, and the...
cartilage. Such injuries often go unnoticed during x-ray scans, but can be diagnosed with CT scans. Surgery is typically used to fix the costal cartilage...
prenatal care, prenatal aneuploidy screening based on maternal age, nuchal translucency scan and biomarkers is appropriate. However, biomarkers seem to be altered...
716 mm (2.3 ft) long from the tip of the beak to the center of the sagittal nuchal crest at the upper back of the head (a size likened to the size of a horse's...
They also suggest that the lack of an angular torus, an open occipital/nuchal angle, a supraorbital sulcus that divides, a more globular vault, a frontal...
1098/rsbl.2012.0778. PMC 3497149. PMID 23034173. Woodruff, D. C. (2016). "Nuchal ligament reconstructions in diplodocid sauropods support horizontal neck...
Consequently, males have stronger mastoid processes on the sides, with nuchal crests and glabellae located in the front and the back respectively. If...
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