The Northern Black Polished Ware culture (abbreviated NBPW or NBP) is an urban Iron Age Indian culture of the Indian subcontinent, lasting c. 700–200 BCE (proto NBPW between 1200 and 700 BCE),[1] succeeding the Painted Grey Ware culture and Black and red ware culture. It developed beginning around 700 BCE, in the late Vedic period, and peaked from c. 500–300 BCE, coinciding with the emergence of 16 great states or Mahajanapadas in Northern India, and the subsequent rise of the Mauryan Empire.
Recent archaeological evidences have pushed back NBPW date to 1200 BCE at Nalanda district, in Bihar, where its earliest occurrences have been recorded and carbon dated from the site of Juafardih.[2] Similarly sites at Akra and Ter Kala Dheri from Bannu have provided carbon dating of 900-790 BCE and 1000-400 BCE,[3] and at Ayodhya around 13th century BC or 1000 BCE.[4][5][6]
^Cite error: The named reference Strickland, K. M. was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Tewari, Rakesh, (2016). "Excavation at Juafardih, District Nalanda (Bihar)", in Indian Archaeology 2006-07 - A Review, Archaeological Survey of India, New Delhi, pp. 6-8: "... Layer 13, the uppermost deposit of Period I, has provided a C14 date of 1354 BCE, it may thus be seen that the C14 dates of Period I and II are consistent and justifiably indicate that the conventional date bracket for NBPW requires a fresh review at least for the sites in Magadh region..."
^Ahmed, Mukhtar (2014). Ancient Pakistan - An Archaeological History: Volume V: The End of the Harappan Civilization, and the Aftermath. Amazon. p. 127: "...recent excavation in the Bannu district at the sites of Akra (900-790 BCE) and Ter Kala Dheri (1000-400 BCE) have provided radiocarbon dates which would push the chronology of NBP at Charsadda and Taxila to as early as 900 BCE...". ISBN 978-1499709827.
^Kumar, K., (2005). "Archaeology of the Ramayana Sites: A Review of the Problem in the Light of Recent Excavations at Ayodhya", in Pragdhara 15, pp. 264-265.
^Shanker Singh, Anand (20 Nov 2017). "The Chronology of Northern Black Polished Ware : Recent Perspectives". International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology IJSRST. 3: 1488-1492: "...The emergent picture is that the beginning of NBPW could safely be pushed to circa 700 BCE, if not earlier (Ayodhya 1003 BCE & Juafardih 1200 BCE) and therefore, the NBPW period ranges from 700 BCE to 50 BCE...".
^Danino, Michel. "A Timeline of Ayodhya". pp. 2-6 (Period I: Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW) c.&thinsp, 1300 BC - 300 BC Period I: The Human activity at the [Ram Janambhumi - Babri Masjid] dates back to the circa: thirteenth century B.C. on the basis of the scientific dating method providing the only archaeological evidence for such an early dating of the human occupation at the site (Sharma 2011:48). People using Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW) a pottery type generally associated with the urbanization of the ganges plains were the first occupants of the site at Ayodhya).
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The NorthernBlackPolishedWare culture (abbreviated NBPW or NBP) is an urban Iron Age Indian culture of the Indian subcontinent, lasting c. 700–200 BCE...
for longer, until c. 700–500 BCE, when it is succeeded by the NorthernBlackPolishedWare culture. In the Western Ganges plain, the BRW was preceded by...
information on the life and culture of the times. It is succeeded by NorthernBlackPolishedWare from c.700–500 BCE, associated with the rise of the great Mahajanapada...
great powers of ancient northern India, along with Magadha, Vatsa, and Avanti. Kosala belonged to the NorthernBlackPolishedWare culture (c. 700–300 BCE)...
Urbanization in the Gangetic plains began with the appearance of Northernblackpolishedware period and archaeologists trace the origin of this pottery in...
" while the Second Urbanisation of India (beginning with the NorthernBlackPolishedWare culture, c. 600 BCE) "lies well outside this sociocultural environment"...
Early Red PolishedWare is often associated with the NorthernBlackPolishedware (NBP), and goes back to 3rd century BC. Red PolishedWare has also been...
BC with the emergence of fortified cities and appearance of NorthernBlackPolishedWare. The Mahajanapada period was characterized by Indian coins and...
this period has been identified as corresponding in part to the NorthernBlackPolishedWare culture. The term "Janapada" literally means the foothold of...
archaeological cultures of India were the Painted Grey Ware culture (1300–300 BCE) and the NorthernBlackPolishedWare (700–200 BCE). This corresponds to the transition...
succeeded by the Iron Age megalithic culture of the Deccan, and the NorthernBlackPolishedWare culture. History of Maharashtra Pottery in the Indian subcontinent...
the period of Mauryan rule in South Asia falls into the era of NorthernBlackPolishedWare (NBPW). The Arthashastra and the Edicts of Ashoka are the primary...
Janapadas (1500–600 BC) Black and Red ware culture (1300–1000 BC) Painted Grey Ware culture (1200–600 BC) NorthernBlackPolishedWare (700–200 BC) Pradyota...
possibly Celtic and Italic, apparently emerged on the territory of the Corded Ware archaeological horizon of the late 4th and the 3rd millennium BCE. The distinction...
occupying parts of Northern Europe, Central Europe and Eastern Europe. Early autosomal genetic studies suggested that the Corded Ware culture originated...
civilization (IVC). Painted Grey Ware culture (PGW) chiefdoms in the region were succeeded by NorthernBlackPolishedWare (NBPW) from c. 700-500 BCE, associated...
Ganges plain, until c. 700–500 BCE, when it is succeeded by the NorthernBlackPolishedWare culture. The Iron Age saw the development of coinage, metal weapons...
earliest period belonged to the Painted Grey Ware culture (1100–500 BCE), followed by the NorthernBlackPolishedWare culture (700–200 BCE). Mathura derived...
NorthernBlackPolishedWare (NBPW) has pottery from the 4th century BCE. The 1st-3rd century CE Period-II has Plain Red Ware and Red PolishedWare pottery...
V later absorbed the Cemetery H people and gave rise to the Painted Grey Ware culture (to 1400 BCE). Together with the Gandhara grave culture and the Ochre...
1954-1955 sessions revealed pottery of the Painted Grey Ware (before c.600 BCE), NorthernBlackPolishedWare (c.600-200 BCE), Shunga, and Kushan Empire periods...
surface. NorthernBlackPolishedWare North blackpolishedware was popular throughout the western Terai region of Nepāl succeeding the painted Grey ware. The...
to the NorthernBlackPolishedWare culture. Especially focused in the Central Ganges plain but also spreading across vast areas of the northern and central...
Śuṅga) was the Fifth ruling dynasty of Magadha and controlled most of the northern Indian subcontinent from around 187 to 73 BCE. The dynasty was established...
pot of red ware with short out-curved rim and thick horizontal black band on neck and lower part of body portion, Upper portion of the red ware jar with...
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