For the North Maluku regency, see North Halmahera Regency.
North Halmahera
Halmaheran
Geographic distribution
Maluku Islands, Indonesia
Linguistic classification
West Papuan or independent language family
North Halmahera
Glottolog
nort2923
Map of the North Halmahera languages.
The North Halmahera (NH) languages are a family of languages spoken in the northern and eastern parts of the island of Halmahera and some neighboring islands in Indonesia. The southwestern part of the island is occupied by the unrelated South Halmahera languages, which are a subgroup of Austronesian. They may be most closely related to the languages of the Bird's Head region of West Papua, but this is not well-established.[1]
The best known North Halmaheran language is Ternate (50,000 native speakers), which is a regional lingua franca and which, along with Tidore, were the languages of the rival medieval Ternate and Tidore sultanates, famous for their role in the spice trade.
Most of these languages are very closely related to each other, and their family status is well-demonstrated. West Makian stands out as an isolate.[2][3] Their external links remain unclear. While genealogically distinct from most languages of Indonesia, they all show evidence of extensive contact with the dominant Austronesian language family.[4]
Some of the North Halmahera languages are characterized by their elaborate morphological structures.[4] Others exhibit deep external influence, having shifted to a more Austronesian-type grammar as a consequence of prolonged contact.[5][6]
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and 27 Related for: North Halmahera languages information
The NorthHalmahera (NH) languages are a family of languages spoken in the northern and eastern parts of the island of Halmahera and some neighboring islands...
The South Halmaheralanguages are the branch of Austronesian languages found along the southeast coast of the island of Halmahera in the Indonesian province...
indigenous language of North Maluku, historically important as a regional lingua franca. A NorthHalmaheralanguage, it is unlike most languages of Indonesia...
the languages of the rival medieval Ternate and Tidore sultanates, famous for their role in the spice trade. The NorthHalmahera (NH) languages, spoken...
NorthHalmahera Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Halmahera Utara) is a regency (on Halmahera Island) of North Maluku Province, Indonesia. It was declared...
Modole is a NorthHalmaheralanguage of Indonesia. The language is spoken in several villages in the Kao region on the northern peninsula of the island...
Tobelo (Indonesian: bahasa Tobelo) is a NorthHalmaheralanguage spoken on the eastern Indonesian island of Halmahera and on parts of several neighboring...
regions of the Indonesian island of Halmahera. It shares vocabulary with other Papuan languages and some of languages spoken in Sulawesi, such as Buginese...
Ternate Sultanate in the Moluccas. Sahu, like other NorthHalmaheralanguages, is not a tonal language. When preceding /a/, /o/, and /u/, the consonants...
Archipelago: such as the Timor-Alor-Pantar and NorthHalmaheralanguages, and the little known extinct Tambora language of Sumbawa. Numerous additional families...
Its closest relative is the Loloda language. Galela is spoken on the eastern side of the northern tip of Halmahera island (in Galela district and in neighbouring...
to the north, the Halmahera Sea to the east, the Molucca Sea to the west, and the Seram Sea to the south. It shares maritime borders with North Sulawesi...
at about 1°S and 129°E and is bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the north, Halmahera to the west, Waigeo and West Papua to the east, and the Seram Sea to...
(1987) has proposed that they are related to the NorthHalmaheralanguages and most of the languages of the Bird’s Head Peninsula, thus forming the easternmost...
influence comes from Malay, Arabic, Portuguese, Dutch, and the NorthHalmaheralanguages. Manado Malay and Indonesian are also spoken in the area. Musa...
The Sawai language (also Weda) is a South Halmaheralanguage of the Austronesian language family spoken in the Weda and Gane Timor districts of southern...
West Makian (also known by the endonym Moi: 104 ) is a divergent NorthHalmaheralanguage of Indonesia. It is spoken on the coast near Makian Island, and...
Tabaru is a NorthHalmaheralanguage of Indonesia. Tabaru has a simple five vowel system: a, e, i, o, u. On the surface level, Tabaru only allows syllables...
surrounded by genetically distant Austronesian languages and languages of the unrelated NorthHalmahera family. Bacan is geographically removed from the...
South Halmahera Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan) is a regency of North Maluku Province, Indonesia. It lies partly on Halmahera Island...
Kao is an endangered non-Austronesian language. This language is spoken in NorthHalmahera Regency, North Maluku. The last survey in 2008 conducted by...
East Halmahera Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Halmahera Timur) is a regency of North Maluku Province of Indonesia, and occupies the northeastern peninsula...
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