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Norman
Normaund
Native to
Normandy (Cotentin Peninsula and Pays de Caux)
Jersey, Guernsey, Sark
Previously used:
Alderney, Herm
Kingdom of England (see England in the High Middle Ages and England in the late Middle Ages)
Lordship of Ireland (see Norman Ireland)
Canada (formerly used to a certain degree in Eastern Canada and Quebec)
Kingdom of Sicily (used in a limited degree)
Principality of Antioch
Region
Normandy
Native speakers
20,000 (2011–2015)[1]
Auregnais: extinct[1]
Guernésiais: 200 (2014)[1]
Jèrriais: 2,000 (2011)[1]
Sercquiais: < 20 (1998)[2]
Augeron: < 100 (no date)[citation needed]
Cauchois: c. 50,000 (no date)[citation needed]
Cotentinais: c. 50,000 (no date)[citation needed]
Language family
Indo-European
Italic
Latino-Faliscan
Latin
Romance
Italo-Western
Western Romance
Gallo-Iberian?[3]
Gallo-Romance
Gallo-Rhaetian?[3]
Arpitan–Oïl
Oïl
Norman
Early forms
Old Latin
Vulgar Latin
Proto-Romance
Old French
Old Norman
Dialects
Anglo-Norman (Auregnais, Guernésiais, Jèrriais, Law French, and Sercquiais)[citation needed]
Augeron
Cauchois
Cotentinais
Writing system
Latin (French orthography)
Language codes
ISO 639-3
nrf (partial: Guernésiais & Jèrriais)
Glottolog
norm1245
ELP
Norman
Linguasphere
51-AAA-hc & 51-AAA-hd
IETF
nrf
Areas where the Norman language is strongest include Jersey, Guernsey, the Cotentin and the Pays de Caux.
Norman or Norman French (Normaund, French: Normand[nɔʁmɑ̃]ⓘ, Guernésiais: Normand, Jèrriais: Nouormand) is a Romance language which can be classified as a langue d'oïl, which also includes French, Picard and Walloon. The name "Norman French" is sometimes used to describe not only the Norman language, but also the administrative languages of Anglo-Norman and Law French used in England. For the most part, the written forms of Norman and modern French are mutually intelligible. This intelligibility was largely caused by the Norman language's planned adaptation to French orthography.
^ abcdNorman at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
^"BBC - Voices - Multilingual Nation". www.bbc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 15 December 2008. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
^ abHammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (24 May 2022). "Glottolog 4.8 - Oil". Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 11 November 2023. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
Norman or Norman French (Normaund, French: Normand [nɔʁmɑ̃] , Guernésiais: Normand, Jèrriais: Nouormand) is a Romance language which can be classified...
the Gallo-Romance language of the Frankish land they settled, with their Old Norman dialect becoming known as Norman, Normaund or Norman French, an important...
now called Normandy, the language spread into England, Southern Italy, Sicily and the Levant. It is the ancestor of modern Norman, including the insular...
Cambro-Norman settlers in the 12th century. It did not initially take hold as a widely spoken language, as the Norman elite spoke Anglo-Norman. In time...
the Old French language of their new home and added features from their own Old Norse language, transforming it into the Normanlanguage. They intermarried...
After the Norman conquest in 1066, Old English was replaced, for a time, by Anglo-Norman (also known as Anglo-Norman French) as the language of the upper...
together with the much bigger role played by the Normanlanguage, in the development of the Anglo-Norman variety of French which would have such a strong...
Rus' Norman dynasty, a series of monarchs in England and Normandy Norman architecture, romanesque architecture in England and elsewhere Normanlanguage, spoken...
the Vatican II reforms in 1962–65. Norman settlers introduced the Norman or Anglo-Normanlanguage during the Norman invasion of Ireland of 1169. From it...
the language after the Norman Conquest in 1066, when Old French, specifically the Old Norman dialect, became the language of the new Anglo-Norman court...
The inhabitants of Normandy are known as Normans; the region is the historic homeland of the Normanlanguage. Large settlements include Rouen, Caen, Le...
Islands. English is the official language, French is used for administration, there are several varieties of Normanlanguage used by a minority of the population...
stock and grammar. These languages include Latin (as Sicilian is a Romance language itself), Ancient Greek, Spanish, Norman, Lombard, Catalan, Occitan...
The House of Normandy (Norman: Maison de Nouormandie [mɛ.zɔ̃ d̪e nɔʁ.mɛnde]) designates the noble family which originates from the Duchy of Normandy and...
Tasmanian attested in a manuscript nicknamed the "Norman" vocabulary is identified as a distinct language in the reconstructions of Claire Bowern. The list...
ISBN 978-0-415-30575-4. Norman, Jerry (1988). Chinese. Cambridge language surveys. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-29653-3. Norman, Jerry (2003). "The...
transcription delimiters. The Romance languages, also known as the Latin or Neo-Latin languages, are the languages that are directly descended from Vulgar...
and Englaland. For 300 years following the Norman Conquest in 1066, the Anglo-Normanlanguage was the language of administration and few Kings of England...
Maltese". In Hetzron, Robert (ed.). The Semitic Languages. Routledge. pp. 263–311. ISBN 978-0-415-05767-7. Norman, Jerry (1988). Chinese. Cambridge University...
The Norman conquest of southern Italy lasted from 999 to 1194, involving many battles and independent conquerors. In 1130, the territories in southern...
Saintongeais dialect and Norman) that French colonists brought to New France. Quebec French either evolved from this language base and was shaped by the...
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