This article is about the Nord Stream 1 pipeline. For the operator, see Nord Stream AG. For the second pipeline, see Nord Stream 2.
This article may lack focus or may be about more than one topic. Please help improve this article, possibly by splitting the article and/or by introducing a disambiguation page, or discuss this issue on the talk page.(October 2022)
54°09′05″N13°39′22″E / 54.151388°N 13.656218°E / 54.151388; 13.656218 (Landing in Lubmin)
General direction
east–west–south
From
Vyborg, Russian Federation
Passes through
Gulf of Finland and Baltic Sea
To
Lubmin near Greifswald, Germany
General information
Type
Natural gas
Status
Inoperable
Partners
Gazprom
Uniper
Wintershall Dea
Gasunie
Engie
Operator
Nord Stream AG
Manufacturer of pipes
EUROPIPE
OMK
Sumitomo
Installer of pipes
Saipem
Pipe layer
Castoro Sei
Contractors
Rambøll
Environmental Resource Management
Marin Mätteknik
IfAÖ
PeterGaz
DOF Subsea
Intec Engineering
Tideway BV
Royal Boskalis Westminster
EUPEC PipeCoatings
Rolls-Royce plc
Dresser-Rand Group
Siirtec Nigi SPA
Commissioned
8 November 2011 (1st line)
8 October 2012 (2nd line)
Technical information
Length
1,222 km (759 mi)
Maximum discharge
55 billion m3/a (1.9 trillion cu ft/a)
Diameter
1,220 mm (48 in)
No. of compressor stations
1
Compressor stations
Portovaya
Website
www.nord-stream.com
Nord Stream (German–English mixed expression for "North Stream 1"; Russian: Северный поток, romanized: Severny potok) is a pair of offshore natural gas pipelines in Europe that run under the Baltic Sea from Russia to Germany.[1] It comprises the Nord Stream 1 (NS1) pipeline running from Vyborg in northwestern Russia, near Finland, and the Nord Stream 2 (NS2) pipeline running from Ust-Luga in northwestern Russia near Estonia. Both pipelines run to Lubmin in the northeastern German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Each pipeline comprises two pipes, denoted A and B; each of the four pipes is approximately 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) long and with approximate diameters of 1,220 millimetres (48 in). The combined capacity of the four pipes is 110 billion cubic metres per annum (3.9 trillion cubic feet per annum) of natural gas.
The name "Nord Stream" sometimes refers to a larger pipeline network that includes the feeding onshore pipeline in Russia and additional connections in Western Europe. These Nord Stream projects have faced opposition from some Central and Eastern European countries, as well as the United States, due to concerns that the pipelines would increase Russia's influence in Europe and result in a reduction of transit fees for the use of existing pipelines in Central and Eastern European countries.
On 26 September 2022, the NS1 pipeline experienced multiple large pressure drops to almost zero, attributed to three as of yet unexplained underwater explosions in international waters,[clarification needed][2] rendering three of their four pipes inoperable.[3] The perpetrators' identities and the motives behind the sabotage remain debated despite three separate investigations by Denmark, Germany, and Sweden.[4] On 18 November 2022, Swedish authorities announced that remains of explosives were found at the site of the leaks, and confirmed that the incident was the result of "gross sabotage", while Danish authorities used the phrase "deliberate actions".[5][6]
^"Gas Infrastructure Europe – System Development Map 2022/2021" (PDF). European Network of Transmission System Operators for Gas (ENTSOG). December 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
^"Navigational Warnings and Notices to Mariners". Danish Maritime Authority. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
^Nyheter, S. V. T.; Persson, Ida (27 September 2022). "Seismolog: Två explosioner intill Nord Stream". SVT Nyheter (in Swedish). Retrieved 30 September 2022.
^Bennetts, Marc (2 February 2023). "Who attacked the Nord Stream pipelines?". The Times. London. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
^"Bekräftat sabotage vid Nord Stream" [Confirmed sabotage on Nord Stream]. Åklagarmyndigheten (Press release) (in Swedish). Retrieved 18 November 2022.
^Gans, Jared (18 November 2022). "Swedish say they found evidence of explosives in Nord Stream pipelines". The Hill. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
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NordStream 2 (German–English mixed expression for "North Stream 2"; Russian: Северный поток — 2) is a 1,234-kilometre-long (767 mi) natural gas pipeline...
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abroad, such as NordStream1 and TurkStream. In the same year, Gazprom has proven reserves of 35.1 trillion cubic meters of gas and 1.6 billion tons of...
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Dmitry Medvedev. The city hosts the Russian end of the 1,222 km (759 mi) NordStream1 gas pipeline, laid in 2011 and operated by a consortium led by Russia's...
yet unexplained explosions on 26 September 2022 rendered the NordStream1 and NordStream 2 pipelines from Russia to Germany inoperable. The project started...
NordStream 2 is a 1,234-kilometre-long (767 mi) natural gas pipeline that runs from Russia to Germany through the exclusive economic zones of Finland...
the German–French border. NEL pipeline, German pipeline, connects the NordStream1 pipeline with the Rehden-Hamburg gas pipeline and MIDAL. National Transmission...
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gas supplies to Western Europe resulted in NordStream1 deliveries being halted indefinitely, with NordStream 2 having had its commissioning put on hold...
2009 the activists of ProKarelia tried to block the building of the NordStream1 operated gas pipeline between Russia and Western Europe. Making a large...
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assistance going to Ukraine. It resulted in the closure of NordStream1, the refusal to activate NordStream 2, the closure of the pipeline through Poland and...
industry hub and investment location in the German energy sector. Both the NordStream1 gas pipeline from Russia (by Gazprom and E.ON)[needs update] and several...