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Tupi language of northwestern Brazil
For the Titãs album, see Nheengatu (album).
Nheengatu
Modern Tupi
Pronunciation
[ɲɛʔɛ̃ŋaˈtu]
Native to
Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela
Native speakers
19,000 (2004–2008)[1]
Language family
Tupian
Tupi–Guarani
Tupi languages
Tupi
Nheengatu
Early form
Old Tupi
Writing system
Latin
Official status
Official language in
Brazil (São Gabriel da Cachoeira and Monsenhor Tabosa)
Language codes
ISO 639-3
yrl
Glottolog
nhen1239
ELP
Nheengatú
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The Nheengatu or Nenhengatu language[2] (Tupi: [ɲɛʔɛ̃ŋaˈtu], Nheengatu from Rio Negro: yẽgatu, Traditional Nheengatu: nhẽẽgatú and Tapajoawaran Nheengatu: nheẽgatu), or Nenhengatu, also known as Modern Tupi[3]: 13 and Amazonic Tupi,[4] is a Tupi–Guarani language.
It is spoken throughout the Rio Negro region among the Baniwa, Baré and Warekena people, mainly in the municipality of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, where, since 2002[citation needed] it has been one of the official languages (along with Baníwa, Yepá-masã,[clarification needed] and Portuguese). It is also spoken in the Baixo Amazonas region (in the state of Amazonas), among the Sateré-Mawé, Maraguá and Mura people, and in the Baixo Tapajós, and the state of Pará, where it is being revitalized by the people of the region, such as the Borari and the Tupinambá,[5] and also among the riverside dwellers themselves.
The language is spoken by approximately 20,060 people, in three linguistic variants in Brazil: that of the Rio Negro region, called Yẽgatu, that of the Baixo Amazonas, known as traditional Nheengatú, and that of the Baixo Rio Tapajós or Nheengatu tapajoawara, in addition to the foreign variants: Nheengatu from Venezuela (Ñeengatu) and Nheengatu from Colombia (Nyengatu). Technology further helps in the language's revitalization.
^Nheengatu at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^FERREIRA, A. B. H. (1986). Novo dicionário da língua portuguesa (2 ed.). Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira. p. 1.
^Navarro 2005.
^Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Jesus, Hudson Romário Melo de (31 January 2022). "Yâdé Kiirîbawa Yepé Wasú! Uma reflexão sobre a luta Tupinambá em defesa de seu território". Revista Arqueologia Pública (in Portuguese). 17: e022001. doi:10.20396/rap.v17i00.8666579. ISSN 2237-8294. S2CID 248760708.
and 24 Related for: Nheengatu language information
The Nheengatu or Nenhengatu language (Tupi: [ɲɛʔɛ̃ŋaˈtu], Nheengatu from Rio Negro: yẽgatu, Traditional Nheengatu: nhẽẽgatú and Tapajoawaran Nheengatu: nheẽgatu)...
extinction. Today, its sole living descendant is the Nheengatulanguage. As the most important native language of Brazil, it is the origin of most city names...
has also numerous minority languages, including indigenous languages, such as Nheengatu (a descendant of Tupi), and languages of more recent European and...
took the language of the colonizer, which was not Portuguese yet, but Nheengatu itself, to the most inhospitable corners of the colony. Nheengatu is still...
Foundation Paraguay portal Languages portal Guarani languagesNheengatulanguage Jopará Jesuit Reductions Mbyá Guaraní language Old Tupi WikiProject Guaraní...
are: Old Tupi (lingua franca dialect Tupí Austral) Tupinambá (dialects: Nheengatu a.k.a. Língua Geral as lingua franca, and Potiguára) Cocama–Omagua Tupinikin...
Language, which was spoken in the region of Paulistania but is now extinct, and the Amazonian General Language, whose modern descendant is Nheengatu....
northern counterpart Nheengatu, and that is why the dialect shows many general differences from other variants of the language. It has striking remarkable...
or that have status as a national language, regional language, or minority language. Official language A language designated as having a unique legal...
avoid mixing Old Tupi with its historical developments, such as the Nheengatulanguage. Navarro obtained his habilitation degree in 2006 with this dictionary...
where it is known as Nheengatu ([ɲɛʔẽŋaˈtu]), or the "good language". However, the Tupi family also comprises other languages. In the neighbouring Spanish...
Franca Apalachee Lingua Franca Creek Lingua Geral Amazônica (also known as Nheengatú, Lingua Boa, Lingua Brasílica, Lingua Geral do Norte) Lingua Geral do...
south of Ontario, with the IATA airport code YRL the Nheengatulanguage, spoken in Brazil, with language code YRL A US Navy hull classification symbol: Covered...
northern counterpart Nheengatu, and that is why the dialect shows many general differences from other variants of the language. It has striking remarkable...
(2011). Nadahup languages also have various loanwords from Tucanoan languages and Nheengatu. Nadahup consists of about four languages, based on mutual...
(Ndjuka-Trio) Carib Pidgin-Arawak mixed language Media Lengua Catalangu Callahuaya (Machaj-Juyai, Kallawaya) Nheengatú or Lingua Geral Amazonica ("Lingua Boa...
Nuu-chah-nulth language Nheengatu Ojibwe language Potawatomi language — A course on Memrise is available. Saanich dialect Seneca language — As of January 2013...
(sub)dialects of all three are called tapuya, a Brazilian Portuguese and Nheengatu word for non-Tupi/non-Guarani Indigenous peoples of Brazil (from a Tupi...
Old Tupi and Nheengatu. He is a full professor at the University of São Paulo, where he has been teaching Old Tupi since 1993, and Nheengatu since 2009...
more conservative registers of the language, perhaps as a mark of a separate social identity. The Northeast had Nheengatu, another Língua Geral, too, but...
Gramática do Nheengatú: A língua geral falada pelos povos Baré, Warekena e Baniwa [Phonology and Grammar of Nheengatú: The general language spoken by the...
to Guarani than to Nheengatu.[citation needed] In the 19th century, even with the intense dissemination of the Portuguese language among the Paulista...
Global Information
Brazil (São Gabriel da Cachoeira and Monsenhor Tabosa)