Areas of focus in neurogenomics. This figure highlights the different sources of data and areas of research that guide the field of neurogenomics.
Neurogenomics is the study of how the genome of an organism influences the development and function of its nervous system.[1] This field intends to unite functional genomics and neurobiology in order to understand the nervous system as a whole from a genomic perspective.
The nervous system in vertebrates is made up of two major types of cells – neuroglial cells and neurons. Hundreds of different types of neurons exist in humans, with varying functions – some of them process external stimuli; others generate a response to stimuli; others organize in centralized structures (brain, spinal ganglia) that are responsible for cognition, perception, and regulation of motor functions. Neurons in these centralized locations tend to organize in giant networks and communicate extensively with each other. Prior to the availability of expression arrays and DNA sequencing methodologies, researchers sought to understand the cellular behaviour of neurons (including synapse formation and neuronal development and regionalization in the human nervous system) in terms of the underlying molecular biology and biochemistry, without any understanding of the influence of a neuron's genome on its development and behaviour. As our understanding of the genome has expanded, the role of networks of gene interactions in the maintenance of neuronal function and behaviour has garnered interest in the neuroscience research community. Neurogenomics allows scientists to study the nervous system of organisms in the context of these underlying regulatory and transcriptional networks. This approach is distinct from neurogenetics, which emphasizes the role of single genes without a network-interaction context when studying the nervous system.[2]
^Boguski, Mark S.; Jones, Allan R. (2004-05-01). "Neurogenomics: at the intersection of neurobiology and genome sciences". Nature Neuroscience. 7 (5): 429–433. doi:10.1038/nn1232. ISSN 1097-6256. PMID 15114353. S2CID 14310435.
^Jain, Kewal K. (2013-01-01). "Neurogenetics and Neurogenomics". Applications of Biotechnology in Neurology. Humana Press. pp. 7–16. doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-272-8_2. ISBN 9781627032711.
Neurogenomics is the study of how the genome of an organism influences the development and function of its nervous system. This field intends to unite...
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of what current research in the field of neurogenetics has achieved. Neurogenomics Neuropsychology Behavioral genetics Psychiatric genetics Cognitive genomics...
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