Hardware component that connects a computer to a network
"Network card" redirects here. For the British Rail discount card, see Network Railcard.
Network interface controller
A 1990s Ethernet network interface card that connects to the motherboard via the now-obsolete ISA bus. This combination card features both a BNC connector (left) for use in (now obsolete) 10BASE2 networks and an 8P8C connector (right) for use in 10BASE-T networks.
Connects to
Motherboard via one of:
integrated in chipset or SoC
discrete onboard
PCI Connector
ISA Connector
PCIe (including Mini PCIe and M.2)
FireWire
USB
Thunderbolt
Network via one of:
Ethernet
Wi-Fi
Fibre Channel
ATM
FDDI
Token Ring
ARCNET
Speeds
Full-duplex or half-duplex:
10 Mbit/s
100 Mbit/s
1 Gbit/s
Full-duplex:[1][2]
2.5 Gbit/s
5 Gbit/s
10 Gbit/s
up to 160 Gbit/s
Common manufacturers
Intel Realtek Broadcom (includes former Avago, Emulex) Marvell Technology Group Cavium (formerly QLogic) Mellanox Chelsio
A network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface card,[3]network adapter, LAN adapter and physical network interface[4]) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network.[5]
Early network interface controllers were commonly implemented on expansion cards that plugged into a computer bus. The low cost and ubiquity of the Ethernet standard means that most newer computers have a network interface built into the motherboard, or is contained into a USB-connected dongle.
Modern network interface controllers offer advanced features such as interrupt and DMA interfaces to the host processors, support for multiple receive and transmit queues, partitioning into multiple logical interfaces, and on-controller network traffic processing such as the TCP offload engine.
^"Port speed and duplex mode configuration". docs.ruckuswireless.com. Retrieved 2020-09-25.
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