Political philosophy of Mexico's Zapatista Army of National Liberation
For the early 1900s movement during the Mexican revolution, see Zapatismo.
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Flag of the Neozapatista movement.
Neozapatismo or neozapatism (sometimes simply Zapatismo) is the political philosophy and practice devised and employed by the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (Spanish: Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional, EZLN), who have instituted governments in a number of communities in Chiapas, Mexico, since the beginning of the Chiapas conflict. According to its adherents, it is not an ideology: "Zapatismo is not a new political ideology or a rehash of old ideologies . . . There are no universal recipes, lines, strategies, tactics, laws, rules or slogans. There is only a desire: to build a better world, that is, a new world."[1] Many observers have described neozapatismo as libertarian socialist,[2][3] anarchist,[4][5] or Marxist.[6]
As UCL media studies lecturer Anthony Faramelli has written, "Zapatismo is not attempting to inaugurate and/or lead any kind of resistance to neoliberalism, but rather facilitate the meeting of resistance, and allow it to organically form worlds outside of exploitation."[7]
Others have proposed a broader conception of neozapatismo that extends beyond the confines of political philosophy and practice. For example, according to Richard Stahler-Sholk, a political science professor at Eastern Michigan University, “[t]here are, in effect, at least three Zapatismos: One is the armed insurgency . . . a second is the project of autonomous government being constructed in Zapatista ‘support base communities’ . . . [and the] third is the (national and) international network of solidarity inspired by Zapatista ideology and discourse.”[8]
^Cite error: The named reference Navarro was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^*Woodman, Stephen (December 2018). "From armed rebellion to radical radio". Index on Censorship. 47 (4): 73. doi:10.1177/0306422018819354. ISSN 0306-4220.
Cardozo, Mario Hurtado (2017-09-23). "Crisis de la forma jurídica y el despertar antisistémico: una mirada desde el pluralismo jurídico de las Juntas de Buen Gobierno (jbg)". IUSTA (in Spanish). 2 (47): 28. doi:10.15332/s1900-0448.2017.0047.04. ISSN 2500-5286.
Plasters, Bree (January 9, 2014). "Critical Analysis: The Zapatista Rebellion: 20 Years Later". Denver Journal of International Law & Policy. University of Denver Sturm College of Law. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved July 23, 2023.
^*Miner, Aaron (September 19, 2020). "Beyond COVID: Building the Libertarian Municipality". Socialist Forum. Democratic Socialists of America. Archived from the original on September 19, 2020. Retrieved July 23, 2023.
Univision. "El gobierno de Salinas de Gortari buscó una salida militar para acabar con los zapatistas". Univision (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-07-23.
"EZLN: a 39 años de la creación del grupo revolucionario que desafió al gobierno priísta". infobae (in European Spanish). 17 November 2022. Retrieved 2023-07-23.
Pye, Arthur (July 19, 2018). "Socialism Will Be Free, Or It Will Not Be At All! – An Introduction to Libertarian Socialism". Black Rose Anarchist Federation. Archived from the original on June 13, 2023. Retrieved July 23, 2023.
^"Morgan Rodgers Gibson (2009) 'The Role of Anarchism in Contemporary Anti-Systemic Social Movements', Website of Abahlali Mjondolo, December, 2009". Abahlali.org. 6 May 2010. Retrieved October 29, 2013.
^"Morgan Rodgers Gibson (2010) 'Anarchism, the State and the Praxis of Contemporary Antisystemic Social Movements, December, 2010". Abahlali.org. 7 December 2010. Retrieved October 29, 2013.
^"The Zapatista Effect: Information Communication Technology Activism and Marginalized Communities Archived August 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine"
^Faramelli, Anthony (2018). Resistance, Revolution and Fascism: Zapatismo and Assemblage Politics. London: Bloomsbury Academic. p. 106. ISBN 978-1-3501-6170-2.
^Stahler-Sholk, Richard (Winter 2007). "A World in Which Many Rebellions Fit: Review of Thomas Olesen, "International Zapatismo: The Construction of Solidarity in the Age of Globalization." (London & New York: Zed Books, 2005)" (PDF). A Contracorriente. 4 (2). North Carolina State University: 187–198. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2020.
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