Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 1602 to 1603 and 1607 to 1612
Neophytus II of Constantinople
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
Church
Church of Constantinople
In office
February 1602 – January 1603 15 October 1607 – October 1612
Predecessor
Matthew II of Constantinople, Raphael II of Constantinople
Successor
Matthew II of Constantinople, Cyril Lucaris
Personal details
Born
unknown
Died
after 1612
Neophytus II (Greek: Νεόφυτος; died after 1612) was Patriarch of Constantinople twice, in 1602–03 and in 1607–12.
An Athenian, he served as Metropolitan of Athens from 1597 until 3 April 1602, when he was elected as Patriarch in the place of his rival, Matthew II. His tenure was cut short a year later, when he was deposed amid accusations of various scandals. He was initially exiled to Rhodes, and thence to Saint Catherine's Monastery in the Sinai.[1]
He was restored to the patriarchal throne on 15 October 1607, and held it for five years. During his second tenure he took care of aligning church administrative practice and canon law with the contemporary needs, and took measures to replenish the patriarchal coffers.[1] He was also in contact with Western potentates, including Pope Paul V and King Philip III of Spain, whom he urged to engage in a crusade to liberate the Orthodox Christians from the Ottoman Empire, going as far as to make considerable concessions to the doctrine of the Catholic Church, including recognizing papal primacy.[1]: bio[2] His pro-Western policy and financial exactions made him many enemies, including Cyril Lucaris, who succeeded in securing his deposition in October 1612. Originally slated to be exiled to Rhodes again, he was protected by his successor, Timothy II, who had been his protégé.[1]
^ abcdΚατάλογος Οικουμενικών Πατριαρχών (List of Patriarchs; see Νεόφυτος Βʹ (α) - 1602 μ.Χ. — 1603 μ.Χ.) (in Greek). Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
^Adina Ruiu, "Conflicting Visions of the Jesuit Missions to the Ottoman Empire, 1609–1628", Journal of Jesuit Studies, Volume 1 (2014): Issue 2 (March 2014): Jesuit Missionary Perspectives and Strategies, p. 260–280. "As [François de Canillac (1574–1629)] summarized in the letter of 10 January 1612, the Orthodox patriarch Neophytus II wished to send his nephew to Rome and to live in “peace and union” with the Latin church, but he was forced to hide his wish for fear of repression." (footnote 31)
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