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National Diet information


National Diet of Japan

日本国国会

Kokkai
213th Session of the National Diet
Coat of arms or logo
Type
Type
Bicameral
Houses
  • House of Councillors (upper house)
  • House of Representatives (lower house)
Leadership
Speaker of the House of Representatives
Fukushiro Nukaga, LDP
since October 20, 2023
President of the House of Councillors
Hidehisa Otsuji, LDP
since August 3, 2022
Structure
Seats
  • 713
  • 248 (House of Councillors)
  • 465 (House of Representatives)
House of Councillors political groups
Government (143)
  •   LDP (116)
  •   Kōmeitō (27)

Opposition (92)

  •   CDP-SDP (40)[a]
  •   Ishin-FEFA (20)[b]
  •   DPP-SR (12)[c]
  •   JCP (11)
  •   Reiwa (5)
  •   Mintsuku (2)
  •   Okinawa Whirlwind (2)

Unaffiliated (11)

  •   Sanseitō (1)
  •   Independent (10)[d]

Vacant (1)

  •   Vacant (1)
House of Representatives political groups
Government (291)
  •   LDP (259)[e]
  •   Kōmeitō (32)

Opposition (165)

  •   CDP (100)[f]
  •   Ishin-FEFA (45)[g]
  •   JCP (10)
  •   DPP (7)
  •   Yūshi no Kai (4)
  •   Reiwa (3)

Unaffiliated (7)

  •   Independent (8)[h]
Elections
House of Councillors voting system
Parallel voting:
Single non-transferable vote (147 seats)
Party-list proportional representation (98 seats)
Staggered elections
House of Representatives voting system
Parallel voting:
First-past-the-post voting (289 seats)
Party-list proportional representation (176 seats)
Last House of Councillors election
July 10, 2022 (26th)
Last House of Representatives election
October 31, 2021 (49th)
Next House of Councillors election
Before July 25, 2025 (27th)
Next House of Representatives election
Before October 31, 2025 (50th)
Meeting place
National Diet Building, Nagatachō 1-7-1, Chiyoda District, Tokyo, Japan
35°40′33″N 139°44′42″E / 35.67583°N 139.74500°E / 35.67583; 139.74500
Website
  • House of Councillors – official website
  • House of Representatives – official website

The National Diet (Japanese: 国会, Hepburn: Kokkai) is the national legislature of Japan. It is composed of a lower house, called the House of Representatives (衆議院, Shūgiin), and an upper house, the House of Councillors (参議院, Sangiin). Both houses are directly elected under a parallel voting system. In addition to passing laws, the Diet is formally responsible for nominating the Prime Minister. The Diet was first established as the Imperial Diet in 1890 under the Meiji Constitution, and took its current form in 1947 upon the adoption of the post-war constitution. Both houses meet in the National Diet Building (国会議事堂, Kokkai-gijidō) in Nagatachō, Chiyoda, Tokyo.
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