Napata/ˈnæpətə/[2] (Old Egyptian Npt, Npy; Meroitic Napa; Ancient Greek: Νάπατα[3] and Ναπάται[4]) was a city of ancient Kush at the fourth cataract of the Nile founded by the Egyptian Amun cult for Egyptian pilgrims given by its, as suggested, Egyptian name. It is located approximately 1.5 kilometers from the east side of the river at the site of modern Karima, Sudan.
Napata was the southernmost permanent settlement in the New Kingdom of Egypt (16th–11th centuries BC) and home to Jebel Barkal, the main Kushite cult centre of Amun. It was the sometime capital of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt and, after its fall in 663 BC, of the Kingdom of Kush. In 593 BC, it was sacked by the Egyptians and the Kushite capital was relocated to Meroë. Even after this move, Napata continued to be the kingdom's primary religious centre.[5] The city was sacked a second time by the Romans in 23 BC but was rebuilt and continued as an important centre of the Amun cult.[6]
The terms "Napata" or "Napatan period" can also refer to the Kushite polity from its rise around 750 BC until 270 BC, when Napata finally lost its symbolic significance as the location of royal burials to Meroë. The subsequent period of Kushite history is called Meroitic down to the collapse of the kingdom.[7]
^Cite error: The named reference Gauthier was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Napata" in the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (2020).
^Strabo, Geography, §17.1.54
^Stephanus of Byzantium, Ethnica, §N469.1
^Kendall, Timothy (2016). A Visitor's Guide to The Jebel Barkal Temples. Khartoum. p. 7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Timothy Kendall (2001), "Napata", in Donald B. Redford, The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Oxford University Press.
^Richard A. Lobban, "Napata", Historical Dictionary of Ancient and Medieval Nubia (Scarecrow, 2004), pp. 274–276.
amid the Late Bronze Age collapse, the Kushites reestablished a kingdom in Napata (now modern Karima, Sudan). Though Kush had developed many cultural affinities...
capital of the first was at Kerma (2500–1500 BC). The second was centered on Napata (1000–300 BC). The third kingdom was centered on Meroë (300 BC–300 AD)....
collapse and the disintegration of the New Kingdom of Egypt; it was centred at Napata in its early phase. After King Kashta ("the Kushite") invaded Egypt in the...
important temples was dedicated to Amun at Jebel Barkal in the city of Napata. This Temple of Amun was enlarged by later Egyptian and Nubian Pharaohs...
mountain, together with the extensive archaeological site at its base (ancient Napata), were named as the center of a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The Jebel...
Erebidae Subfamily: Arctiinae Genus: Uranophora Species: U. castra Binomial name Uranophora castra (Hampson, 1898) Synonyms Napata castra Hampson, 1898...
Uranophora munda is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1856. It is found on Haiti. Savela, Markku. "Uranophora munda...
based at Napata, began to exert its influence on Upper (Southern) Egypt.: 58–59 When the Middle Kingdom Egyptians pulled out of the Napata region around...
daughter of Kashta and possibly Pebatjma. While Kashta ruled Nubia from Napata, which is 400 km north of Khartoum, the modern capital of Sudan, he also...
1898)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved November 3, 2018. "Napata rabdonota Hampson, 1898". Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of the French Antilles...
Senkamanisken was a Kushite King who ruled from 640 to 620 BC at Napata. He used royal titles based on those of the ancient Egyptian pharaohs. He might...
under the rule of the 25th Dynasty. His army travelled north, stopping at Napata, Elephantine, Thebes and Heliopolis fortifying both in 664 BC. Tantamani...
present. Thirteen temples and three palaces have been excavated. The city of Napata has not been fully excavated. Some of the temples were started by various...
25th Dynasty ended with its rulers retreating to their spiritual homeland at Napata. It was there (at El-Kurru and Nuri) that all 25th Dynasty pharaohs were...
Meroitic king who ruled in the 6th century, probably between 519 to 510 BC at Napata. He succeeded King Amaninatakilebte and was in turn succeeded by King Amaniastabarqa...
them) at three sites in Sudan to serve as tombs for the kings and queens of Napata and Meroë. The pyramids of Kush, also known as Nubian Pyramids, have different...
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