This article is about the region in Africa. For other uses, see Nubia (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Numidia.
Nubia
Statues of several Nubian rulers of the late 25th Dynasty–early Napatan period, 7th century BC. From left to right: Tantamani, Taharqa (rear), Senkamanisken, again Tantamani (rear), Aspelta, Anlamani, again Senkamanisken. Kerma Museum.[1]
Outline of Nubia
Nubia (/ˈnjuːbiə/) (Nobiin: Nobīn,[2] Arabic: النُوبَة, romanized: an-Nūba) is a region along the Nile river encompassing the area between the first cataract of the Nile (south of Aswan in southern Egypt) and the confluence of the Blue and White Niles (in Khartoum in central Sudan), or more strictly, Al Dabbah.[3][4][5][6] It was the seat of one of the earliest civilizations of ancient Africa, the Kerma culture, which lasted from around 2500 BC until its conquest by the New Kingdom of Egypt under Pharaoh Thutmose I around 1500 BC, whose heirs ruled most of Nubia for the next 400 years. Nubia was home to several empires, most prominently the Kingdom of Kush, which conquered Egypt in the eighth century BC during the reign of Piye and ruled the country as its 25th Dynasty (to be replaced a century later by the native Egyptian 26th Dynasty).
From the 3rd century BC to 3rd century AD, northern Nubia would be invaded and annexed to Egypt, ruled by the Greeks and Romans. This territory was known in the Greco-Roman world as Dodekaschoinos.
Kush's collapse in the fourth century AD was preceded by an invasion from the Ethiopian Kingdom of Aksum and the rise of three Christian kingdoms: Nobatia, Makuria and Alodia. Makuria and Alodia lasted for roughly a millennium. Their eventual decline started not only the partition of Nubia, which was split into the northern half conquered by the Ottomans and the southern half by the Sennar sultanate, in the sixteenth century, but also a rapid Islamization and partial Arabization of the Nubian people. Nubia was reunited with the Khedivate of Egypt in the nineteenth century. Today, the region of Nubia is split between Egypt and Sudan.
The primarily archaeological science dealing with ancient Nubia is called Nubiology.
Part of a series on
History of Nubia
Topics
Nubia
Names of Nubia
History of Sudan
Military
Lower Nubia
Upper Nubia
Kingdoms
A-Group
Alodia
B-Group
Blemmyes
C-Group
Kerma
Kingdom of al-Abwab
Kingdom of Kush
Kingdom of Sennar
Makuria
Medja
Meroë
Napata
Nobatia
X-Group
Monarchy
Titles
Kandake
Pharaoh
Qore
Viceroy
Rulers
Monarchs of Kerma
Monarchs of Kush
Monarchs of Makuria
Queens of Kush
Viceroy of Kush
Locations
Al-Meragh
Amara
Aniba
Askut
Ballana
Bigeh
Deir el-Bahari
Debeira
Dodekaschoinos
Dongola
Dotawo
Elephantine
El-Hobagi
El-Kurru
Fadrus
Faras
Hamadab
Gala Abu Ahmed
Jebel Adda
Jebel Barkal
Jebel Dosha
Kadero
Kageras
Kawa
Kulb (Kulubnarti)
Kumma
Lisht
Meinarti
Musawwarat es-Sufra
Nubian Desert
Saï Island
Shalfak
Singa
Soba
Soleb
Umm Ruweim
Wad ban Naqa
Zuma
Languages
Blemmye
Egyptian
Meroitic (Meroitic alphabet)
Old Nubian
Religions
Christianity
Egyptian
Kushite
Sunni Islam
Deities
A
Allah
Aman
Amanete
Amesemi
Anhur
Anaka
Apedemak
Aqedise
Arensnuphis
Ariten
Atari
B
Bastet
Bes
Breith
D
Dedun
H
Heka
Hemen
Horus
K
Khenmu
J
Jesus
M
Makedeke
Mash
Mehit
Menhit
Merul
Miket
N
Nu
R
Ra
S
Satis
Sabomakal
Sobek
T
Thoth
W
Wusa
Y
Yahweh
Temples
Faras Cathedral
Kulubnarti church
Monastery in Ghazali
Philae temple complex
Qasr Ibrim
Qustul
Semna
Temple of Amun (Jebel Barkal)
Temple of Amun (Tabo)
Temple of Apedemak (Lion Temple)
Temple of Dendur
Temple of Mut
Throne Hall of Dongola
Tombos
Architecture
Monumental depictions of Amanitore
Nubian architecture
Nubian pyramids
Nubian vault
Pyramids of Meroë
Sedeinga pyramids
Technology
Bow and arrow
Gold mining
Hafir
Levallois technique
Category
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e
^Elshazly, Hesham. "Kerma and the royal cache".
^Reinisch, Leo (1879). Die Nuba-Sprache. Wien. p. 271.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Appiah, Anthony; Gates, Henry Louis (2005). Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9.
^Janice Kamrin; Adela Oppenheim. "The Land of Nubia". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 2020-07-31.
^"SudanHistory.org".
^Raue, Dietrich (2019-06-04). Handbook of Ancient Nubia. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 978-3-11-042038-8.
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