Nanoionics[1] is the study and application of phenomena, properties, effects, methods and mechanisms of processes connected with fast ion transport (FIT) in all-solid-state nanoscale systems. The topics of interest include fundamental properties of oxide ceramics at nanometer length scales, and fast ion conductor (advanced superionic conductor)/electronic conductor heterostructures.[2] Potential applications are in electrochemical devices (electrical double layer devices) for conversion and storage of energy, charge and information. The term and conception of nanoionics (as a new branch of science) were first introduced by A.L. Despotuli and V.I. Nikolaichik (Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka) in January 1992.[1]
A multidisciplinary scientific and industrial field of solid state ionics, dealing with ionic transport phenomena in solids, considers Nanoionics as its new division.
[3] Nanoionics tries to describe, for example, diffusion&reactions, in terms that make sense only at a nanoscale, e.g., in terms of non-uniform (at a nanoscale) potential landscape.
There are two classes of solid-state ionic nanosystems and two fundamentally different nanoionics: (I) nanosystems based on solids with low ionic conductivity, and (II) nanosystems based on advanced superionic conductors (e.g. alpha–AgI, rubidium silver iodide–family).[4] Nanoionics-I and nanoionics-II differ from each other in the design of interfaces. The role of boundaries in nanoionics-I is the creation of conditions for high concentrations of charged defects (vacancies and interstitials) in a disordered space-charge layer. But in nanoionics-II, it is necessary to conserve the original highly ionic conductive crystal structures of advanced superionic conductors at ordered (lattice-matched) heteroboundaries. Nanoionic-I can significantly enhance (up to ~108 times) the 2D-like ion conductivity in nanostructured materials with structural coherence,[5] but it is remaining ~103 times smaller relatively to 3D ionic conductivity of advanced superionic conductors.
The classical theory of diffusion and migration in solids is based on the notion of a diffusion coefficient, activation energy
[6] and electrochemical potential.
[7]
This means that accepted is the picture of a hopping ion transport in the potential landscape where all barriers are of the same height (uniform potential relief). Despite the obvious difference of objects of solid state ionics and nanoionics-I, -II, the true new problem of fast ion transport and charge/energy storage (or transformation) for these objects (fast ion conductors) has a special common basis: non-uniform potential landscape on nanoscale (for example [8]) which determines the character of the mobile ion subsystem response to an impulse or harmonic external influence, e.g. a weak influence in Dielectric spectroscopy (impedance spectroscopy).[9]
^ abDespotuli, A.L.; Nikolaichic V.I. (1993). "A step towards nanoionics". Solid State Ionics. 60 (4): 275–278. doi:10.1016/0167-2738(93)90005-N.
^Yamaguchi, S. (2007). "Nanoionics - Present and future prospects". Science and Technology of Advanced Materials. 8 (6): 503 (free download). Bibcode:2007STAdM...8..503Y. doi:10.1016/j.stam.2007.10.002.
^C S Sunandana (2015). Introduction to Solid State Ionics: Phenomenology and Applications (First ed.). CRC Press. p. 529. ISBN 9781482229707.
^Despotuli, A.L.; Andreeva, A.V.; Rambabu, B. (2005). "Nanoionics of advanced superionic conductors". Ionics. 11 (3–4): 306–314. doi:10.1007/BF02430394. S2CID 53352333.
^Garcia-Barriocanal, J.; Rivera-Calzada A.; Varela M.; Sefrioui Z.; Iborra E.; Leon C.; Pennycook S. J.; Santamaria1 J. (2008). "Colossal ionic conductivity at interfaces of epitaxial ZrO2:Y2O3/SrTiO3 heterostructures". Science. 321 (5889): 676–680. Bibcode:2008Sci...321..676G. doi:10.1126/science.1156393. PMID 18669859. S2CID 32000781.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^H Mehrer (2007). Diffusion in solids (First ed.). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. p. 651. ISBN 978-3-540-71488-0.
^A D McNaught (1997). IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the Gold Book) (2nd ed.). Blackwell Scientific Publications. p. 1622. ISBN 978-0-9678550-9-7.
^Bindi, L.; Evain M. (2006). "Fast ion conduction character and ionic phase-transitions in disordered crystals: the complex case of the minerals of the pearceite– polybasite group". Phys Chem Miner. 33 (10): 677–690. Bibcode:2006PCM....33..677B. doi:10.1007/s00269-006-0117-7. S2CID 95315848.
^Despotuli, A.; Andreeva A. (2015). "Maxwell displacement current and nature of Jonsher's "universal" dynamic response in nanoionics". Ionics. 21 (2): 459–469. arXiv:1403.4818. doi:10.1007/s11581-014-1183-3. S2CID 95593078.
dealing with ionic transport phenomena in solids, considers Nanoionics as its new division. Nanoionics tries to describe, for example, diffusion&reactions, in...
of physics such as nanoelectronics, nanomechanics, nanophotonics and nanoionics have evolved to provide nanotechnology's scientific foundation. Several...
polyyne carbon atom chains, and many polymers such as polythiophenes. Nanoionics studies the transport of ions rather than electrons in nanoscale systems...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
layer has nanometer thickness, the effect is directly related to nanoionics (nanoionics-I). The Lehovec effect forms a basis for a creation of multitude...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
device displays fast ion conduction at nanoscale, it is considered a nanoionic device. Memristance is displayed only when both the doped layer and depleted...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
to the fore. Maier developed a scientific field nowadays termed nanoionics. Nanoionics refers to questions of ion transport, stoichiometry and reactivity...
University of Queensland Georgina Sweet Australian Laureate Fellow Dan Li Nanoionics University of Melbourne Hanns-Christoph Nägerl Quantum Simulation University...
displacement current and nature of Jonsсher’s “universal” dynamic response in nanoionics", Ionics, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 459-469, June. 2015. A. K. Jonscher, "The...
Semiconductor device fabrication List of semiconductor scale examples Related approaches Nanoionics Nanophotonics Nanomechanics Portals Electronics portal v t e...
nanosized systems may affect ionic conductivity, opening a new field of nanoionics. In 1973, it was reported that ionic conductivity of lithium iodide (LiI)...
sensors). Of special significance is the scientific foundation of the field Nanoionics. Induced by quantum mechanical phenomena, heterostructures grown from...