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Muslim conquest of the Maghreb information


Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
Part of the Arab Conquests and the Arab–Byzantine wars

Roman Theatre at Leptis Magna
Date647–709 AD
Location
Maghreb, North Africa
Result Muslim victory
Territorial
changes
Maghreb brought under Umayyad rule
Belligerents
Rashidun Caliphate
Umayyad Caliphate
Byzantine Empire
Kingdom of Altava
Kingdom of the Aurès
Kabyle confederations[1] Kingdom of Ouarsenis
Kingdom of Hodna
Various other Berber tribes and statelets
Commanders and leaders
Amr ibn al-As
Abdallah ibn Sa'd
Zubayr ibn al-Awwam
Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr
Uqba ibn Nafi 
Abu al-Muhajir Dinar 
Musa ibn Nusayr
Hassan ibn al-Nu'man
Tariq ibn Ziyad
Zuhayr ibn Qays 
Gregory the Patrician 
Dihya 
Kusaila 
John the Patrician

The Muslim conquest of the Maghreb (Arabic: فَتْحُ اَلْمَغْرِب, romanized: Fath al-Maghrib, lit. 'Conquest of the West') or Arab conquest of the Maghreb by the Rashidun and Umayyad Caliphates commenced in 647 and concluded in 709, when the Byzantine Empire lost its last remaining strongholds to Caliph Al-Walid I. The North African campaigns were part of the century of rapid early Muslim conquests.

By 642 AD, under Caliph Umar, Arab Muslim forces had laid control of Mesopotamia (638 AD), Syria (641 AD), Egypt (642 AD), and had invaded Armenia (642 AD), all territories previously split between the warring Byzantine and Sasanian empires, and were concluding their conquest of Sasanian Persia with their defeat of the Persian army at the Battle of Nahāvand. It was at this point that Arab military expeditions into North African regions west of Egypt were first launched, continuing for years and furthering the spread of Islam.

In 644 at Medina, Umar was succeeded by Uthman, during whose twelve-year rule Armenia, Cyprus, and all of modern-day Iran, would be added to the expanding Rashidun Caliphate. With Afghanistan and North Africa being targets of major invasions and Muslim sea raids ranging from Rhodes to the southern coasts of the Iberian Peninsula, the Byzantine navy was defeated in the eastern Mediterranean.

  1. ^ "L'Islamisation du maghreb central (Viie-xie siècle)". Islamisation et arabisation de l'Occident musulman médiéval (Viie-xiie siècle). Bibliothèque historique des pays d'Islam. Éditions de la Sorbonne. 16 October 2015. pp. 103–130. ISBN 9782859448738.

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