Map depicting the routes Umayyad armies took during the Arab conquest of the Maghreb in the 7th century
Date
c. 7th century — 17th century
Location
Maghreb, North Africa
Cause
See causes
Participants
Total unknown:
150,000 (7th century)[1][2]
1,000,000 (11th century)[3]
Outcome
Arab population growth, Arabization, Islamization and nomadization of the Maghreb
The Arab migrations to the Maghreb[a] involved successive waves of migration and settlement by Arab people in the Maghreb region of North Africa (excluding Egypt), encompassing modern-day Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. The process took place over several centuries, lasting from the early 7th century to the 17th century. The Arab migrants hailed from the Middle East, particularly the Arabian Peninsula, with later groups arriving from the Levant and Iraq.
The influx of Arabs to the Maghreb began in the 7th century with the Arab conquest of the Maghreb, when Arab armies conquered the region as part of the early Muslim conquests. This initial wave of Arab migration was followed by subsequent periods of migration and settlement, notably during the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates and later Arab dynasties. However, the most significant wave of Arab migration occurred in the 11th century with the arrival of more Bedouin tribes from the Arabian Peninsula, such as Banu Hilal, Banu Sulaym, and Maqil.[7] The last significant wave of Arab migration to the Maghreb was from Al-Andalus in the 17th century as a result of the Reconquista. These migrants established numerous Arab empires and dynasties in the Maghreb, such as the Aghlabids, Idrisids, Sulaymanids, Salihids, Fatimids, Saadians and 'Alawites.
The Arab migrations to the Maghreb had a profound impact on the demographics and culture of the Maghreb. It resulted in significant Arab demographic growth, the Arabization of the Berber and Punic populations and the spread of the Arabic language and Arab culture throughout the region. The descendants of the Arab settlers in the Maghreb are known as Maghrebi Arabs. According to Charles-André Julien, a specialist in North African history, the Hilalian invasion was "the most important event of the entire medieval period in the Maghrib".[8]
^Kusters, Christiaan Wouter (2003). Linguistic Complexity: The Influence of Social Change on Verbal Inflection. p. 97. ISBN 978-90-76864-41-9.
^Spickard, Paul R. (2005). Race and Nation: Ethnic Systems in the Modern World. Psychology Press. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-415-95002-2.
^Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Poulton, Robin; Youssouf, Ibrahim ag; Research, United Nations Institute for Disarmament (1998). A Peace of Timbuktu: Democratic Governance, Development and African Peacemaking. UN. p. 24. ISBN 978-92-9045-125-9.
^Fentress, Elizabeth. "Islamization of Berber lifestyles" (PDF). p. 75.
^Miller, Catherine; Al-Wer, Enam; Caubet, Dominique; Watson, Janet C. E. (2007-12-14). Arabic in the City: Issues in Dialect Contact and Language Variation. Routledge. p. 78. ISBN 978-1-135-97876-1.
^Crawford, Michael H.; Campbell, Benjamin C. (2012-11-08). Causes and Consequences of Human Migration: An Evolutionary Perspective. Cambridge University Press. pp. 176–178. ISBN 978-1-139-85150-3.
^Joffé, George (2023-11-20). Routledge Handbook on the Modern Maghrib. Taylor & Francis. p. 236. ISBN 978-0-429-99964-2.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
and 29 Related for: Arab migrations to the Maghreb information
30°N 5°E / 30; 5 TheMaghreb (/ˈmɑːɡrəb/; Arabic: ْاَلْمَغْرِب, romanized: al-Maghrib, lit. 'the west'), also known as theArabMaghreb (Arabic: اَلْمَغْرِبُ...
distinct ethnic groups indigenous to North Africa who predate the arrival of Arabs in theArabmigrationstotheMaghreb. Their main connections are identified...
TheArabMaghreb Union (AMU) (Arabic: إتحاد المغرب العربي Ittiḥād al-Maghrib al-‘Arabī, French: Union du Maghreb Arabe) is a political union and economic...
migration of various Arab tribes outside of Arabia, such as theArabmigrationstotheMaghreb. The influence of Arabic has been profound in many other countries...
the inhabitants of theMaghreb region of North Africa whose ethnic identity is Arab, whose native language is Arabic and trace their ancestry tothe tribes...
Arabia to North Africa. The centuries-long ArabmigrationtotheMaghreb from the 7th tothe 17th century played a significant role in Arabizingthe native...
Berber-speaking groups. The population of Morocco is genetically heterogenous. This is mostly due totheArabmigrationstotheMaghreb, a demographic process...
liberators. The first wave of Arab immigration totheMaghreb began with the conquest of theMaghreb in the 7th century, with themigration of sedentary...
centuries during theArabmigrationstotheMaghreb. As a result of themigrations, these Arab tribes have contributed totheArabization of many indigenous...
the world. The capital and largest city is Algiers, located in the far north on the Mediterranean coast. Centuries of ArabmigrationtotheMaghreb since...
centuries of ArabmigrationtotheMaghreb shifted the demographic scope of Libya in favor of Arabs. In the 16th century, the Spanish Empire and the Knights...
They are related tothe Banu Abs tribe. The word Maghreb refers tothe western part of theArab world, including a large portion of the Sahara Desert, but...
dates back totheArab Muslim conquest of theMaghreb in the 7th and 8th centuries, referred to as Pre-Hilalian Arabic. The other stems from the Bedouin...
Arabian Peninsula that emigrated totheMaghreb region of North Africa in the 11th century. Masters of the vast plateaux of the Najd, they enjoyed a somewhat...
predate the arrival of Arabs in theArabmigrationtotheMaghreb. Their main connections are identified by their usage of the mostly mutually unintelligible...
had traditionally lived in theMaghreb region of North Africa (al-Maghrib, Arabic for "the west") under Arab rule during the Middle Ages. Established Jewish...
today are from the Maghreb. In 2010 the estimate of theArab population in Europe was approximately 6 million (the total number of theArab population in Europe...
TheArabmigrationtotheMaghreb had been a centuries-long process that continuously occurred since the 7th century. The initial waves of migration from...
Neolithic back-migrations, followed by theArab expansion in Medieval times. By 2000 years ago humans had established settlements in most of the Pacific Islands...
of Arab, Berber and Persian descent. The Muslim conquest of theMaghreb began in 647 under the Rashidun Caliphate, which used Egypt as a base to conquer...
Global Information