This article is about the electromagnetic propagation phenomenon. For usage in computing, see Multipath (disambiguation).
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In radio communication, multipath is the propagation phenomenon that results in radio signals reaching the receiving antenna by two or more paths. Causes of multipath include atmospheric ducting, ionospheric reflection and refraction, and reflection from water bodies and terrestrial objects such as mountains and buildings. When the same signal is received over more than one path, it can create interference and phase shifting of the signal. Destructive interference causes fading; this may cause a radio signal to become too weak in certain areas to be received adequately. For this reason, this effect is also known as multipath interference or multipath distortion.
Where the magnitudes of the signals arriving by the various paths have a distribution known as the Rayleigh distribution, this is known as Rayleigh fading. Where one component (often, but not necessarily, a line of sight component) dominates, a Rician distribution provides a more accurate model, and this is known as Rician fading. Where two components dominate, the behavior is best modeled with the two-wave with diffuse power (TWDP) distribution. All of these descriptions are commonly used and accepted and lead to results. However, they are generic and abstract/hide/approximate the underlying physics.
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communication, multipath is the propagation phenomenon that results in radio signals reaching the receiving antenna by two or more paths. Causes of multipath include...
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In wireless systems, fading may either be due to multipathpropagation, referred to as multipath-induced fading, weather (particularly rain), or shadowing...
easier, due to its usual modulation scheme being more resistant to multipathpropagation, as well as impulse noise encountered on those frequencies.[citation...
needed (modulation scheme) robustness in regard to propagation conditions (multipathpropagation, doppler effect), etc. When DRM was originally designed...
modal dispersion in a step-index optical fiber may be compared to multipathpropagation of a radio signal. Rays of light enter the fiber with different...
of the ionosphere, and reflection from the ionosphere. Finally, multipathpropagation near the Earth's surface has multiple causes, including atmospheric...
walkie-talkies, and wireless networks. A drawback of this mode is multipathpropagation, in which radio waves travel from the transmitting to the receiving...
the 0th order modified Bessel function of the first kind. Fading Multipathpropagation Diversity schemes Rayleigh fading Rice distribution Stochastics...
reflection and diffraction from these objects can cause fading due to multipathpropagation, especially in built-up urban areas. Atmospheric moisture reduces...
indoors, although in urban areas reflections from buildings cause multipathpropagation, which can interfere with television reception. Atmospheric radio...
compensate for or cancel the effects of the Non Line Of Sight (NLOS) propagation. The multipath effect occurs when a signal is received not only through a Line...
to multipathpropagation. A cyclic prefix is often used[citation needed] in conjunction with modulation to retain sinusoids' properties in multipath channels...
devices in the network. Multipathpropagation can create internal destructive interferences of a wireless signal known as multipath fading. This phenomenon...
modulations such as phase-shift keying, mitigating the effects of multipathpropagation and Doppler spreading. Adaptive equalizers are a subclass of adaptive...
conditions, for example in urban areas, satellite signals may exhibit multipathpropagation where signals skip off structures, or are weakened by meteorological...
signal component. Found in Rician fading of radio signals due to multipathpropagation and in MR images with noise corruption on non-zero NMR signals....
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