This article is about the first sultan of Brunei. For other uses, see Muhammad Shah (disambiguation).
Muhammad Shah محمد شاه
Sultan of Brunei
Reign
1363/68–1402[1]
Predecessor
Title established
Successor
Abdul Majid Hassan
Born
Awang Alak Betatar
Died
c. 1402[1]
Spouse
Puteri Dayang Pingai[2]
Issue
Princess Ratna Dewi
Sultan Abdul Majid Hassan
Regnal name
Raja Awang Alak Betatar
Father
Dewa Emas Kayangan
Religion
Sunni Islam
Muhammad Shah (born Awang Alak Betatar; died c. 1402)[1] established the Sultanate of Brunei and was its first sultan, from 1368 to his death in 1402.[3][1] The genealogy of Muhammad Shah remains unclear.[4][3] He converted to Islam in the 14th century and assumed the name Sultan Muhammad Shah. Subsequent sovereigns of Brunei, governed by a Muslim administration, were referred to as sultans.[5]
^ abcdJatswan S. Sidhu (22 December 2009). Historical Dictionary of Brunei Darussalam. Scarecrow Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-8108-7078-9.
^"Pusat Sejarah Brunei - Sultan - Sultan Brunei". www.history-centre.gov.bn (in Malay). Retrieved 14 May 2024.
^ abElisseeff, Vadime (January 2000). "Chapter 8: A Brunei Sultan of the Early Fourteenth Century - A Study of an Arabic Gravestone". The Silk Roads: Highways of Culture and Commerce. Berghahn Books. pp. 145–157. ISBN 978-1-57181-222-3. Retrieved 26 December 2013.
^"The golden history of Islam in Brunei | the Brunei Times". Archived from the original on 3 October 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
^Borneo Bulletin Year Book 2024 (1 May 2024). "HISTORY AND CULTURE". borneobulletinyearbook.com.bn. Retrieved 14 May 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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