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A mixed language, also referred to as a hybrid language, contact language, or fusion language, is a language that arises among a bilingual group combining aspects of two or more languages but not clearly deriving primarily from any single language.[1] It differs from a creole or pidgin language in that, whereas creoles/pidgins arise where speakers of many languages acquire a common language, a mixed language typically arises in a population that is fluent in both of the source languages.
Because all languages show some degree of mixing[2] by virtue of containing loanwords, it is a matter of controversy whether the concept of a mixed language can meaningfully be distinguished from the type of contact and borrowing seen in all languages.[3][4] Scholars debate to what extent language mixture can be distinguished from other mechanisms such as code-switching, substrata, or lexical borrowing.[5]
^Matras, Yaron; Bakker, Peter, eds. (2008). The Mixed Language Debate: Theoretical and Empirical Advances. Walter de Gruyter. p. 191. ISBN 9783110197242.
^Zuckermann (2009) p. 48, citing Hjelmslev (1938) and Schuchardt (1884).
^Arends et al. 1994
^Yaron Matras (2000). "Mixed languages: a functional–communicative approach" (PDF). Bilingualism: Language and Cognition. 3 (2): 79–99. doi:10.1017/S1366728900000213.
^According to Google n-gram, the German term Mischsprache is first attested in 1832, and attested in English since 1909.
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mixed-language, and it became the later fourteenth and fifteenth-century norm for accounts, inventories, testaments and personal journals. The mixed-language...
composite Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb. The language was also known as Rekhta, or 'mixed', which implies that it was mixed with Persian. Written in the Perso-Arabic...
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are from the same source. Linguistically Shelta is today seen as a mixedlanguage that stems from a community of travelling people in Ireland that was...
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computer science In natural language, a mixedlanguage deriving from several languages simultaneously Any result of language contact Hybrid (disambiguation)...
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Documentation". Microsoft. Retrieved 25 September 2016. Microsoft Macro Assembler 5.1, Mixed-Language Programming Guide. p. 3. Official website Masm32 project...
years of Danish rule in Norway (see Denmark-Norway). The koiné language (mixedlanguage) known as Dano-Norwegian (Dansk-Norsk) which developed in Norwegian...
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