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A meteotsunami or meteorological tsunami[1] is a tsunami-like sea wave of meteorological origin. Meteotsunamis are generated when rapid changes in barometric pressure cause the displacement of a body of water. In contrast to "ordinary" impulse-type tsunami sources, a traveling atmospheric disturbance normally interacts with the ocean over a limited period of time (from several minutes to several hours).[2] Tsunamis and meteotsunamis are otherwise similar enough that it can be difficult to distinguish one from the other, as in cases where there is a tsunami wave but there are no records of an earthquake, landslide, or volcanic eruption.[2]: 1036 Meteotsunamis, rather, are triggered due to extreme weather events including severe thunderstorms, squalls and storm fronts; all of which can quickly change atmospheric pressure. Meteotsunamis typically occur when severe weather is moving at the same speed and direction of the local wave action towards the coastline. The size of the wave is enhanced by coastal features such as shallow continental shelves, bays and inlets.[3]
Only about 3% of historical tsunami events (from 2000 BC through 2014) are known to have meteorological origins, although their true prevalence may be considerably higher than this because 10% of historical tsunamis have unknown origins, tsunami events in the past are often difficult to validate, and meteotsunamis may have previously been misclassified as seiche waves.[4] Seiches are classified as a long-standing wave with longer periods and slower changes in water levels. They are also restricted to enclosed or partially enclosed basins.
^Tsunami Glossary 2008 Archived 16 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine, UNESCO
^ abMonserrat, S.; Vilibić, I.; Rabinovich, A. B. (2006). "Meteotsunamis: atmospherically induced destructive ocean waves in the tsunami frequency band" (PDF). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. 6 (6): 1035–1051. Bibcode:2006NHESS...6.1035M. doi:10.5194/nhess-6-1035-2006. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 19 December 2013.
^NOAA. "What is a Meteotsunami?". National Oceanic Service. Archived from the original on 17 October 2019. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
^Cite error: The named reference NOAA Examination was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
A meteotsunami or meteorological tsunami is a tsunami-like sea wave of meteorological origin. Meteotsunamis are generated when rapid changes in barometric...
and there have only been two confirmed cases in recorded history. Meteotsunamis (displacements due to atmospheric pressure, rather than seismic shock)...
the 1961 sinking of the Albatross. Oceans portal Rogue wave Microburst Meteotsunami USA Today: "Answers: Oceans, waves, tides." Retrieved March 21, 2007...
sea not accompanied by black clouds Resonance – Tendency to oscillate at certain frequencies Meteotsunami – Tsunami-like wave of meteorological origin...
examples of tsunamis affecting the British Isles refer to landslide and meteotsunamis, predominantly and less to earthquake-induced waves. As early as 426...
near the ocean. Oceans portal Wind wave Rogue wave Tsunami Megatsunami Meteotsunami Miller, Craig (22 October 2013). "What Makes 'Sneaker Waves' so Sneaky...
earthquake at the time. This makes it more likely that the event was a meteotsunami. Not only are such events relatively common in the Mediterranean, but...
I. (2011-01-05). "The development and implementation of a real-time meteotsunami warning network for the Adriatic Sea". Natural Hazards and Earth System...
created by a large, sudden displacement of material into a body of water Meteotsunami – A tsunami-like wave of meteorological origin Mild-slope equation –...
Biographical Memoirs of the Royal Society.) An amplification mechanism of meteotsunamis dilucidated by Proudman in 1929 is now commonly called Proudman resonance...
warnings and 12 flood alerts for Scotland. The Dutch Coastguard reported a meteotsunami at IJmuiden on January 3 with sea level rising and falling 1.5 m (4.9 ft)...
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