Mentally ill people in United States jails and prisons information
People with mental illnesses are over-represented in jail and prison populations in the United States relative to the general population.[1][2][3]
There are three times as many mentally ill people in jails and prisons than in hospitals in the United States.[1] Mentally ill people are subjected to solitary confinement at disproportionate rates compared to the general prison population.[4][5][6] There are a number of reasons for this over-representation of mentally ill people in jails and prisons, including the de-institutionalization of mentally ill individuals in the mid-twentieth century, inadequate community treatment resources, and the criminalization of mental illness itself. Research has shown that that mentally ill offenders have comparable rates of recidivism to non-mentally ill offenders.[7]
The United States Supreme Court has upheld the right of inmates to mental health treatment.[8][9] The majority of prisons in the United States attempt to employ a mental health providers,[10] however, there is a severe shortage of staff to fill these vacancies and it is difficult to retain employees.[11]
^ abTorrey et al. 2010, p. 1.
^Powell, Holt & Fondacaro 1997, p. 427.
^Bronson & Berzofsky 2017, p. 1.
^Metzner & Fellner 2010, p. 105.
^Cloud et al. 2015, p. 20.
^Hafemeister & George 2012, p. 1.
^Gagliardi et al. 2004, p. 139.
^Abram & Teplin 1991, p. 1043.
^Steadman & Cocozza 1993, p. 25.
^Buche, Jessica; Gaiser, Maria; Rittman, Danielle; Beck, Angela J. (June 2018). "Characteristics of the Behavioral Health Workforce in Correctional Facilities" (PDF). University of Michigan Behavioral Health Workforce Research Center. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
^Cite error: The named reference themarshallproject20181121 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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