The Sogdian "Kulagysh plate", depicting a heroic single combat scene leading to the death of both sides
Mard ō mard (Middle Persian; literally "man to man") was an ancient Iranian tradition of single combat, the Sasanian Empire being most known for using it. During a battle, the Sasanian troops would use taunts and war cries to provoke the enemy into a single duel with a Sasanian champion. The tradition meant much to the Sasanians—in 421, during Bahram V's war against the Romans in 421–422, Ardazanes, a member of the "Immortals", was in a single duel killed by the Roman comes Areobindus, which contributed to Bahram V's acceptance of the defeat in the war and making peace with the Romans.[1][2]
In Sasanian art several mard o mard depictions are preserved in rock-reliefs in Naqsh-e Rostam and in a cameo of Shapur I and Valerian.[3]
Single combats have been narrated in Shahnameh ("The Book of Kings") of Ferdowsi, a notable example being those of the story of Davazdah Rokh ("Twelve Combats").
In the Second Perso-Turkic War, the Sasanian commander Smbat IV Bagratuni possibly killed the Hephthalite leader in single combat.[4]
^Rawlinson, George. The Seven Great Monarchies of the Ancient Eastern World, Vol 7. (of 7): The Sassanian the History, Geography and Antiquities of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia and Sassanian or New Persian Empire. Library of Alexandria. pp. 442–443. ISBN 978-1-4655-0672-6.
^Charles, Michael (1 January 2011). "The Sassanian immortals". Iranica Antiqua. 46: 289–313. doi:10.2143/IA.46.0.2084423.
^"ARMY i. Pre-Islamic Iran – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
Mardōmard (Middle Persian; literally "man to man") was an ancient Iranian tradition of single combat, the Sasanian Empire being most known for using...
Look up mard in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Mard or MARD may refer to: definitely not Ahmed Asad, Finiroalhi, Ha. Utheemu. Mard (1985 film), a Hindi-language...
Screen Award for Best Female Debut. Madan subsequently starred in the films Mard Ko Dard Nahi Hota (2018), Angrezi Medium (2020), and Shiddat (2021). She...
Bakr (Son of Caliph Abu Bakr) Al-Bara' ibn Malik. Zubayr ibn al-Awwam Mardomard Muslim conquest of Syria Nicolle, 1994, p. 37. Nicolle, 1994, p. 36....
actress Bhagyashree, he made his acting debut in 2018 with the action film Mard Ko Dard Nahi Hota, for which he won Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut. He...
(1984) and his two prominent songs, including "Mard Tangewala" composed by Anu Malik were introduced in Mard. He had sung numerous duets in 1980s and 1990s...
ethics of the Sasanians. They mastered in single combat in battles (mardo-mard), rode on elephants and horses, and their valor was recognized with ornamental...
Sambhal Lega (2015). In 2017, he again directed another television sitcom Har Mard Ka Dard. It starred Faisal Rashid in lead. In 2020, Sethi appeared in Neeraj...
together but the war has no winner. Finally they agree on pitched battles (mardomard) between the heroes of the two army: Fariburz vs Golbad Viseh Giv vs...
Laxmikant–Pyarelal "Buri Nazarwale Tera" from Mard (1985), composed by Anu Malik "O Maa Shero wali" from Mard (1985) "Aana Jana Laga Rahega" from Giraftaar...
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onto appear as a leading lady in commercially successful films such as - Mard (1985), Chameli Ki Shaadi (1986), Naam (1986), Khudgarz (1987), Thikana (1987)...
acclaimed music for Sohni Mahiwal (1984) and got his initial breakthrough with Mard (1985). After a few years of success, Malik began to fade due to new style...
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is of pure predication, as in he is a man – ōy mard (OLE GBRA), in contrast to there is a man – mard ast (AYT GBRA). The 3rd plural hēnd is often omitted...
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Manmohan Desai's film Mard, which got Malik noticed in Bollywood for the first time. Malik introduced playback singer Mohammad Aziz in Mard and Aziz frequently...
(2003) Salam (2004) An Mard Amad (2008) Democracy at the Sun (2009) Ekhrajiha 3 (2010) Mr. President's telephone (2011) Mehr O Mah (1992) Mozdeh Tars...
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