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Marcionism was an early Christian dualistic belief system that originated with the teachings of Marcion of Sinope in Rome around 144 AD.[1] Marcion was an early Christian theologian,[2] evangelist,[2] and an important figure in early Christianity.[2][3] He was the son of a bishop of Sinope in Pontus. About the middle of the 2nd century (140–155) he traveled to Rome, where he joined the Syrian Gnostic Cerdo.[4]
Marcion preached that the benevolent God of the Gospel who sent Jesus Christ into the world as the savior was the true Supreme Being, different and opposed to the malevolent Demiurge or creator god, identified with the Hebrew God of the Old Testament.[2][3][5] He considered himself a follower of Paul the Apostle, whom he believed to have been the only true apostle of Jesus Christ.[2][3]
Marcion's canon, possibly the first Christian canon ever compiled, consisted of eleven books: a gospel, which was a shorter version of the Gospel of Luke, and ten Pauline epistles.[2][3][6] Marcion's canon rejected the entire Old Testament, along with all other epistles and gospels of what would become the 27-book New Testament canon, which during his life had yet to be compiled.[2][3][7][8] Pauline epistles enjoy a prominent position in the Marcionite canon, since Paul was considered by Marcion to be Christ's only true apostle.[2][3][8]
Marcionism was denounced by its opponents as heresy and written against by the early Church Fathers – notably by Tertullian in his five-book treatise Adversus Marcionem (Against Marcion), in about 208.[2][3] Marcion's writings are lost, though they were widely read and numerous manuscripts must have existed.[2][3] Even so, many scholars claim it is possible to reconstruct and deduce a large part of ancient Marcionism through what later critics, especially Tertullian, said concerning Marcion.[2][3][9]
^115 years and 6 months from the Crucifixion of Jesus, according to Tertullian's reckoning in Adversus Marcionem, XV.
^ abcdefghijkEhrman, Bart D. (2005) [2003]. "At Polar Ends of the Spectrum: Early Christian Ebionites and Marcionites". Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 95–112. doi:10.1017/s0009640700110273. ISBN 978-0-19-518249-1. LCCN 2003053097. S2CID 152458823.
^ abcdefghiDunn, James D. G. (2016). ""The Apostle of the Heretics": Paul, Valentinus, and Marcion". In Porter, Stanley E.; Yoon, David (eds.). Paul and Gnosis. Pauline Studies. Vol. 9. Leiden and Boston: Brill Publishers. pp. 105–118. doi:10.1163/9789004316690_008. ISBN 978-90-04-31668-3. LCCN 2016009435. S2CID 171394481.
^History of the Christian Church, Volume II: Ante-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 100–325. Marcion and his School by PHILIP SCHAFF [1]
^BeDuhn, Jason (2015). "The New Marcion" (PDF). Forum. 3 (Fall 2015): 165. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-05-25. Retrieved 2023-12-23.
^Ehrman, Bart D. (2005). Misquoting Jesus: The Story Behind Who Changed the Bible and Why. New York: HarperOne. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-06-085951-0.
^"Eusebius' Church History". Ccel.org. 2005-06-01. Retrieved 2013-01-25.
Marcionism was an early Christian dualistic belief system that originated with the teachings of Marcion of Sinope in Rome around 144 AD. Marcion was an...
Church in Rome expelled Marcion of Sinope. He thereupon set up his own separate ecclesiastical organization, later called Marcionism. Like the Gnostics, he...
his papacy may have been 153. Anicetus actively opposed Gnosticism and Marcionism. He welcomed Polycarp of Smyrna to Rome to discuss the Easter controversy...
politician Sextus Empiricus, Greek philosopher (d. 210) Marcion of Sinope, founder of Marcionism (approximate date) Suetonius, Roman historian and writer...
Legalists Adversity Split of Christianity and Judaism Paul and Judaism Marcionism Christian anti-semitism Constantine Circumcision controversy Writings...
been the only true apostle of Jesus Christ; his doctrine is called Marcionism. Marcion published the earliest record of a canon of New Testament books....
assertion. There are other features in the portrait which are reminiscent of Marcion. The first thing mentioned in the Homilies about Simon's opinions is that...
doctrine or the founder of a sect that sustains such a doctrine. Marcion, the founder of Marcionism Arius, the founder of Arianism St. Augustine refers to Mani...
developments, such as Marcionism and Gnosticism. Several scholars have argued that the pastoral epistles attack Marcionism in particular. If Marcion is taken to...
faith and various influences have been suggested, including Gnosticism, Marcionism, Manichaeism and Adoptionism, with other scholars arguing that doctrinally...
220. ISBN 9780061748110. Watch out tor the heresy known as Marcionism, named for Marcion, a mid-second century Christian who distinguished between the...
in early Christian theology Adoptionism Arianism Docetism Gnosticism Marcionism Montanism Early Christianity Proto-orthodox Christianity Timeline History...
162. Magris 2005, p. 3518. "Adolf Von Harnack: Marcion". gnosis.org. Harnack, Adolf (2007-12-01). Marcion: The Gospel of the Alien God. Translated by Steely...
encouraged to celebrate their Jewish heritage. Hamp blames the heretic Marcion for mainstream Christianity's juxtaposition of Law and Grace. On the other...
by Marcion of Sinope to a manifesto in which he contrasted the Old Testament with the New Testament and defined what came to be known as Marcionism. In...
Ialdabaoth", and the figure of the archon inscribed with "Aariel". According to Marcion, the title God was given to the Demiurge, who was to be sharply distinguished...
bishop of Antioch, apostolic father 68~107 Marcion of Sinope, evangelist and theologian, founder of Marcionism, published the first known canon of the New...
presented by Acts), others see him as opposed to 1st-century Judaism (see Marcionism), while the majority see him as somewhere in between these two extremes...
preachers or small localised sects, like Arianism, Pelagianism, Donatism, Marcionism and Montanism. The diffusion of the almost Manichaean sect of Paulicians...
Christians, notably the proto-orthodox Christians, as was his theology, Marcionism. Adolf von Harnack, John Knox, and David Trobisch, among other scholars...
Legalists Adversity Split of Christianity and Judaism Paul and Judaism Marcionism Christian anti-semitism Constantine Circumcision controversy Writings...
emanating out to the universe, in creation, and to believers; Dualism; Marcionism – Marcion (AD c. 110–160) believed there were two deities, one of creation...
Bogomilism Catharism Paulicianism Sethianism Valentinianism Simonians Marcionism Eastern Christianity Church of the East (called "Nestorianism") Ancient...
other of winter and rain/fertility (cf. the mythology of Persephone). Marcionism, an early Christian sect, held that the Old and New Testaments were the...
built across what is now central Scotland. 144: Marcion, rejected by Church of Rome, founds Marcionism. 161 – 166: Roman–Parthian War of 161–166. 165 –...
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