Materials of archaeological excavations in Mangazeya (State Historical Museum, Moscow)
Mangazeya (Russian: Мангазе́я) was a Northwest Siberian trans-Ural trade colony and later city in the 17th century. Founded in 1600 by Cossacks from Tobolsk, it was situated on the Taz River, between the lower courses of the Ob and Yenisei Rivers flowing into the Arctic Ocean. The name derives from a Nenets ethnonym Monkansi or Mongandi.[1]
Russian settlers of the White Sea coasts of Russia (pomors) founded a route along the Arctic coast to Arkhangelsk to trade with Norwegian, English and Dutch merchants. Mangazeya accumulated furs and ivory (walrus tusks) around the year to be shipped out during the short Northern summer. Trade also occurred along the Siberian River Routes' Northern Route. It became "a virtual Baghdad of Siberia, a city-state, all but independent of the Russian Empire in its wealth and utter isolation."[2]
The Northern Sea Route was forbidden in 1619 under the penalty of death[why?] and the city closed to outsiders: navigational markings were torn up, posts established to intercept anyone who might attempt to get through, and maps were falsified.[3] The state was unable to collect taxes, and there was a fear of English trading penetration into Siberia; furthermore, "Mangazeya had aroused the envy of inland merchants working out of the Urals, Tyumen, and Tobolsk, who saw it siphoning off commerce that would otherwise have come their way."[4] The city was finally abandoned following the catastrophic fire of 1678, after which the remaining population was evacuated to Turukhansk (now Staroturukhansk [ru]) at the junction of the Yenisei with the Lower Tunguska, which was known as New Mangazeya until the 1780s.[citation needed]
The location of original Mangazeya and the Pomors' Northern Sea Route were forgotten until the 20th century, when archaeologists discovered remains of a wooden Kremlin and a Gostiny dvor (trading centre) on the site of Mangazeya.
There is a 220 kV electrical substation owned by Gazprom with the same name nearby.[citation needed]
^E.M. Pospelov, Geograficheskie nazvaniya mira (Moscow: Russkie slovari, 1998), p. 406.
^George St. George, Siberia: the New Frontier (Taylor & Francis, 1970), p. 263.
^Benson Bobrick, East of the Sun: The Conquest and Settlement of Siberia (Heinemann, 1992: ISBN 0434928895), p. 56.
Mangazeya (Russian: Мангазе́я) was a Northwest Siberian trans-Ural trade colony and later city in the 17th century. Founded in 1600 by Cossacks from Tobolsk...
become the nerve center of the conquest. To the north Beryozovo (1593) and Mangazeya (1600–01) were built to bring the Nenets under tribute, while to the east...
Mangazeya – a trading colony on the Pomors' Northern Sea Route, was abandoned in the 17th century after the Northern Sea Route was banned. Mangazeya was...
center of the conquest of Siberia. To the north Beryozovo (1593) and Mangazeya (1600-01) were built to bring the Nenets under tribute, while to the east...
Thailand Bolbinella limbata Sp. nov Valid Gonta & Kanygin Late Ordovician Mangazeya Formation Russia A member of Leperditellocopida belonging to the family...
fires of Mangazeya in 1619, 1642, and 1662, Turukhansk welcomed a large portion of the older colony's population and became known as New Mangazeya. A timber...
saltworks in Solvychegodsk. In 1625, Khabarov sailed from Tobolsk to Mangazeya. , He left the town with his expedition three years later and reached...
mouth of Yenisey. This route, known as Mangazeya seaway, after its eastern terminus, the trade depot of Mangazeya, was an early precursor to the Northern...
dwell the northern Turkic Sakha. A substantial Samoyed city grew up at Mangazeya in the 16th century as a trade city, but was destroyed at the beginning...
previously inhabited territory further south from a book in the city Mangazeya that lists yasak (fur tribute) payments by the Nganasan which were made...
protect new Russian settlers who migrated from Europe. Towns such as Mangazeya, Tara, Yeniseysk, and Tobolsk developed, the last becoming the de facto...
Japan. Demid Pyanda* (?–after 1637) Siberian Cossack ataman Coming from Mangazeya, Demid Pyanda was a hunter for Siberian furs. Starting his long journey...
Gulf of Ob. This route, known as the Mangazeya seaway, after its eastern terminus, the trade depot of Mangazeya, was an early precursor to the Northern...
territories west of the Ob and Irtysh Rivers for Russia. From such bases as Mangazeya, merchants, traders, and explorers pushed eastward from the Ob River to...
trans-Ural areas of Northern Siberia, where they founded the settlement of Mangazeya east of the Yamal Peninsula in the early 16th century. Tatyana Bratkova...
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